<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2008-12-2-16-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-1045</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭССЕНЦИАЛЬНАЯ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЯ С НЕФРОПАТИЕЙ. НАСКОЛЬКО ЭТО АКТУАЛЬНО В НАШИ ДНИ?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION WITH NEPHROPATHY, HOW ACTUAL IS IT NOWADAYS?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есаян</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Essaian</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра нефрологии и диализа </p><p>197022, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Тол­стого, 17, тел./факс: 8(812)-234-91-91</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esaian@spmu.rssi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Есаян А.М., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Есаян А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Essaian A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1045">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1045</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре приведены данные крупных проспективных и ретроспективных исследований о распространенности эссенциальной гипертензии с развитием нефропатии в мире, основанные на результатах длительных наблюдений за большими выборками. Представлены основные механизмы участия почек в развитии эссенциальной гипертензии, а также гистологические изменения, возникающие в почечной ткани при данной патологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review includes data of outstanding prospective and retrospective researches on the spread of with the development of nephropathy in the world, based on the results of prolonged observations of the large samplings. Main mechanisms of participation of the kidneys in the development of essential hypertension are presented, as well as histological alterations appearing in the renal tissue with the given pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эссенциальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>почки</kwd><kwd>гипертонический нефроангиосклероз</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Каюков ИГ. Кардиоренальный континуум: патогенетические основы превентивной нефрологии. Нефрология 2005; 9 (3): 7–14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Каюков ИГ. Кардиоренальный континуум: патогенетические основы превентивной нефрологии. Нефрология 2005; 9 (3): 7–14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Есаян АМ. Антигипертензивная терапия и прогрессирование почечной недостаточности. Consilium Medicum 2001; (10): 38–43</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Есаян АМ. Антигипертензивная терапия и прогрессирование почечной недостаточности. Consilium Medicum 2001; (10): 38–43</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caetano ERSP, Zatz R, Saldanha LB, Praxedes JN. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis as a relevant cause of chronic renal failure. Hypertension 2001; 38: 171–176</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caetano ERSP, Zatz R, Saldanha LB, Praxedes JN. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis as a relevant cause of chronic renal failure. Hypertension 2001; 38: 171–176</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coresh J, Astor BC, Greene T et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: third national health and nutrition examination survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41: 1–12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coresh J, Astor BC, Greene T et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: third national health and nutrition examination survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41: 1–12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chobanian A, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560–2572</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chobanian A, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560–2572</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">United States Renal Data System. USRDS 2000 Annual Data Report 2000</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">United States Renal Data System. USRDS 2000 Annual Data Report 2000</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perry HM Jr, Miller JP, Fornoff JR et al. Early predictors of 15-year end-stage renal disease in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1995; 25: 587–594</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perry HM Jr, Miller JP, Fornoff JR et al. Early predictors of 15-year end-stage renal disease in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1995; 25: 587–594</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacMahon S, Cutler JA, Stamler J. Antihypertensive drug treatment: potential, expected and observed effects on stroke and on coronary heart disease. Hypertension 1989; 13 [Suppl 1]: 45–50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacMahon S, Cutler JA, Stamler J. Antihypertensive drug treatment: potential, expected and observed effects on stroke and on coronary heart disease. Hypertension 1989; 13 [Suppl 1]: 45–50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Report on hypertension and chronic renal failure. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151: 1280-1287</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group Report on hypertension and chronic renal failure. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151: 1280-1287</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mazzuchi N, Schwedt E, Fernandez JM et al. Latin American Registry of dialysis and renal transplantation: 1993 annual dialysis data report. Nephrol Daial Transplant 1997; 12: 2521–2527</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazzuchi N, Schwedt E, Fernandez JM et al. Latin American Registry of dialysis and renal transplantation: 1993 annual dialysis data report. Nephrol Daial Transplant 1997; 12: 2521–2527</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ministry of Health. Assistance to patients with chronic renal disease. Brasilia, Brazil 1997.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health. Assistance to patients with chronic renal disease. Brasilia, Brazil 1997.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Amico G. Comparability of different registries of renal replacement therapy. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25 (1): 113–118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Amico G. Comparability of different registries of renal replacement therapy. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25 (1): 113–118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agodoa LY, Eggers PW. Renal replacement therapy in the United States: data from United States Renal Data System. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25: 119–133</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agodoa LY, Eggers PW. Renal replacement therapy in the United States: data from United States Renal Data System. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25: 119–133</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбов БТ, Томилина НА. О состоянии заместительной терапии больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью в Российской Федерации в 1998–2003 гг. Нефрология и диализ 2005; (3): 204–265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бикбов БТ, Томилина НА. О состоянии заместительной терапии больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью в Российской Федерации в 1998–2003 гг. Нефрология и диализ 2005; (3): 204–265</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Volhard F, Fahr T. Die Bright’sche Nierenkrankheit. Berlin, Julius Springer Verlag 1914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volhard F, Fahr T. Die Bright’sche Nierenkrankheit. Berlin, Julius Springer Verlag 1914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perera GA. Hypertensive vascular disease; description and natural history. J Chronic Dis 1955; 1: 33–42</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perera GA. Hypertensive vascular disease; description and natural history. J Chronic Dis 1955; 1: 33–42</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beevers DG, Lip GY. Does non-malignant essential hypertension cause renal damage? A clinician’s view. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10: 695–699</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beevers DG, Lip GY. Does non-malignant essential hypertension cause renal damage? A clinician’s view. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10: 695–699</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Randall BL et al. Blood pressure and end-stage renal disease in men. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 13–18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Randall BL et al. Blood pressure and end-stage renal disease in men. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 13–18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iseki K. The Okinawa Screening Program. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14 (Suppl): S127-S130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iseki K. The Okinawa Screening Program. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14 (Suppl): S127-S130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP et al. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA 2004; 291: 844–850</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP et al. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA 2004; 291: 844–850</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reynolds K, Gu D, Muntner P et al. A Population-Based, Prospective Study of Blood Pressure and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease in China. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1928–1935</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reynolds K, Gu D, Muntner P et al. A Population-Based, Prospective Study of Blood Pressure and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease in China. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1928–1935</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J et al. Elevated Blood Pressure and Risk of End-stage Renal Disease in Subjects Without Baseline Kidney Disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165 (4): 923–928</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J et al. Elevated Blood Pressure and Risk of End-stage Renal Disease in Subjects Without Baseline Kidney Disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165 (4): 923–928</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ludwig T. Uber den Zusammenhang von Herz- und Nierenkrankheiten. Berlin, Germany: August Hirschwald 1856</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ludwig T. Uber den Zusammenhang von Herz- und Nierenkrankheiten. Berlin, Germany: August Hirschwald 1856</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahomed FA. On chronic Bright’s disease and its essential symptoms. Lancet 1879; 76 (1): 46–57</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mahomed FA. On chronic Bright’s disease and its essential symptoms. Lancet 1879; 76 (1): 46–57</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruilope LM, Lahera V, Rodicio JL and Carlos Romero J. Are renal hemodynamics a key factor in the development and maintenance of arterial hypertension in humans? Hypertension 1994; 23 (1): 3–9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruilope LM, Lahera V, Rodicio JL and Carlos Romero J. Are renal hemodynamics a key factor in the development and maintenance of arterial hypertension in humans? Hypertension 1994; 23 (1): 3–9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cowley AW Jr, Roman RJ. The role of the kidney in hypertension. JAMA 1996; 275 (20): 1581–1589</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cowley AW Jr, Roman RJ. The role of the kidney in hypertension. JAMA 1996; 275 (20): 1581–1589</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bidani AK, Griffin KA. Pathophysiology of hypertensive renal damage. Hypertension 2004; 44: 595–602</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bidani AK, Griffin KA. Pathophysiology of hypertensive renal damage. Hypertension 2004; 44: 595–602</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borst JGG, Borst-de Geuss A. Hypertension explained by Starling’s theory of circulatory homeostasis. Lancet 1963; 30 (1): 677–682</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borst JGG, Borst-de Geuss A. Hypertension explained by Starling’s theory of circulatory homeostasis. Lancet 1963; 30 (1): 677–682</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Cowley AW Jr et al. Arterial pressure regulation: overriding dominance of the kidneys in long-term regulation and in hypertension. Am J Med 1972; 52 (4): 584–594</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Cowley AW Jr et al. Arterial pressure regulation: overriding dominance of the kidneys in long-term regulation and in hypertension. Am J Med 1972; 52 (4): 584–594</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guyton AC. Renal function curve: A key to understanding the pathogenesis of hypertension. Hypertens 1987; 10: 1–6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guyton AC. Renal function curve: A key to understanding the pathogenesis of hypertension. Hypertens 1987; 10: 1–6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dahl LK, Heine M. Primary role of renal homografts in setting chronic blood pressure levels in rats. Circ Res 1975; 36 (5): 692-696</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dahl LK, Heine M. Primary role of renal homografts in setting chronic blood pressure levels in rats. Circ Res 1975; 36 (5): 692-696</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox U, Bianchi G. The primary role of the kidney in causing blood pressure difference between the Milan hypertensive strain (MHS) and normotensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1976; 3 [Suppl. 3]: 71–74</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox U, Bianchi G. The primary role of the kidney in causing blood pressure difference between the Milan hypertensive strain (MHS) and normotensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1976; 3 [Suppl. 3]: 71–74</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawabe K, Watanabe TX, Shiono K, Sokabe H. Influence on blood pressure of renal isografts between spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats, utilizing F1 hybrids. Jpn Heart J 1978; 19 (7): 886–894</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kawabe K, Watanabe TX, Shiono K, Sokabe H. Influence on blood pressure of renal isografts between spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats, utilizing F1 hybrids. Jpn Heart J 1978; 19 (7): 886–894</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Curtis JJ, Luke RG, Dustan HP et al. Remission of essential hypertension after renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 1009–1014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Curtis JJ, Luke RG, Dustan HP et al. Remission of essential hypertension after renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 1009–1014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keller G, Zimmer G, Mall G et al. Nephron number in patients with primary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 101–108</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keller G, Zimmer G, Mall G et al. Nephron number in patients with primary hypertension. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 101–108</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brenner BM, Garsia DL, Anderson S. Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more of the other? Am J Hypertens 1988; 1: 335–347</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brenner BM, Garsia DL, Anderson S. Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more of the other? Am J Hypertens 1988; 1: 335–347</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lifton RP. Molecular genetics of human blood pressure variation. Science 1996; 272: 676–680</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lifton RP. Molecular genetics of human blood pressure variation. Science 1996; 272: 676–680</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weinberger MH. Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans. Hypertension 1996; 27 (part 2): 481–939</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weinberger MH. Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans. Hypertension 1996; 27 (part 2): 481–939</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Midgley JP, Matthew AG, Greenwood CM, Logan AG. Effect of reduced dietary sodium on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. JAMA 1996; 275: 1590–1597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Midgley JP, Matthew AG, Greenwood CM, Logan AG. Effect of reduced dietary sodium on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. JAMA 1996; 275: 1590–1597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каюков ИГ, Есаян АМ, Кучер АГ, Ермаков ЮА. Роль функционально-гемодинамических механизмов в прогрессировании хронического гломерулонефрита. Нефрология 1998; 2 (1): 7–14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Каюков ИГ, Есаян АМ, Кучер АГ, Ермаков ЮА. Роль функционально-гемодинамических механизмов в прогрессировании хронического гломерулонефрита. Нефрология 1998; 2 (1): 7–14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidi E, Bianchi G, Rivolta E et al. Hypertension in man with a kidney transplant: Role of familial versus other factors. Nephron 1985; 41: 14–21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guidi E, Bianchi G, Rivolta E et al. Hypertension in man with a kidney transplant: Role of familial versus other factors. Nephron 1985; 41: 14–21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmid M, Meyer S, Wegner R, Ritz E. Increased genetic risk of hypertension in glomerulonephritis? J Hypertens 1990; 8: 573–577</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmid M, Meyer S, Wegner R, Ritz E. Increased genetic risk of hypertension in glomerulonephritis? J Hypertens 1990; 8: 573–577</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fagerudd JA, Tarnow L, Jacobsen P et al. Predisposition to essential hypertension and development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. Diabetes 1998; 47: 439–444</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fagerudd JA, Tarnow L, Jacobsen P et al. Predisposition to essential hypertension and development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. Diabetes 1998; 47: 439–444</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strojek K, Grzeszczak W, Morawin E et al. Nephropathy of type II diabetes: Evidence for hereditary factors? Kidney Int 1997; 51: 1602–1607</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strojek K, Grzeszczak W, Morawin E et al. Nephropathy of type II diabetes: Evidence for hereditary factors? Kidney Int 1997; 51: 1602–1607</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sealey JE. Plasma renin activity and plasma prorenin assays. Clin Chem 1991; 37: 1811–1819</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sealey JE. Plasma renin activity and plasma prorenin assays. Clin Chem 1991; 37: 1811–1819</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mattson DL, Maeda CY, Bachman TD, Cowley AW Jr. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 1998; 31: 15–24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mattson DL, Maeda CY, Bachman TD, Cowley AW Jr. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 1998; 31: 15–24</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson RJ, Herrera-Acosta J, Schreiner GF et al. Subtle acquired renal injury as a mechanism of salt-sensitive hypertension. N Engl J Med 2002; 346 (12): 913–923</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson RJ, Herrera-Acosta J, Schreiner GF et al. Subtle acquired renal injury as a mechanism of salt-sensitive hypertension. N Engl J Med 2002; 346 (12): 913–923</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldblatt H. The renal origin of hypertension. Physiol Rev 1947; 27: 120–132</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldblatt H. The renal origin of hypertension. Physiol Rev 1947; 27: 120–132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moritz AR, Oldt MR. Arteriolar sclerosis in hypertensive and nonhypertensive individuals. Am J Pathol 1937; 13: 679–728</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moritz AR, Oldt MR. Arteriolar sclerosis in hypertensive and nonhypertensive individuals. Am J Pathol 1937; 13: 679–728</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Серов ВВ, Яргин СВ. Морфо- и патогенез нефросклероза: клинико-морфолгический анализ. Тер архив 1986; 58 (8): 4–9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Серов ВВ, Яргин СВ. Морфо- и патогенез нефросклероза: клинико-морфолгический анализ. Тер архив 1986; 58 (8): 4–9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мационис АЭ, Батюшин ММ, Повилайтите ПЕ, Литвинов АС. Морфологический анализ патологических изменений в почках в зависимости от длительности артериальной гипертензии. Нефрология 2007; 11 (3): 55–59</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мационис АЭ, Батюшин ММ, Повилайтите ПЕ, Литвинов АС. Морфологический анализ патологических изменений в почках в зависимости от длительности артериальной гипертензии. Нефрология 2007; 11 (3): 55–59</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sommers SC, Relman AC, Smithwick RH. Histologic studies of kidney biopsy specimens from patients with hypertension. Am J Pathol 1958; 34: 685–715</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sommers SC, Relman AC, Smithwick RH. Histologic studies of kidney biopsy specimens from patients with hypertension. Am J Pathol 1958; 34: 685–715</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moritz AR, Oldt MR. Arteriolar sclerosis in hypertensive and nonhypertensive individuals. Am J Pathol 1937; 13: 679–728</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moritz AR, Oldt MR. Arteriolar sclerosis in hypertensive and nonhypertensive individuals. Am J Pathol 1937; 13: 679–728</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kincaid-Smith P. Clinical diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2255–2256</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kincaid-Smith P. Clinical diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2255–2256</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caetano EP, Zatz R, Praxedes JN. The clinical diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis – how reliable is it? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 288–290</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caetano EP, Zatz R, Praxedes JN. The clinical diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis – how reliable is it? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 288–290</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kincaid-Smith P. The prevention of renal failure. In: Villarreal H, ed. Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Nephrology Mexico. S. Karger, Basel 1972: 100–118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kincaid-Smith P. The prevention of renal failure. In: Villarreal H, ed. Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Nephrology Mexico. S. Karger, Basel 1972: 100–118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic (The antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial – ALLHAT). JAMA 2002; 288: 2981–2997</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic (The antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial – ALLHAT). JAMA 2002; 288: 2981–2997</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luke RH. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis: pathogenesis and prevalence. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2271–2278</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luke RH. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis: pathogenesis and prevalence. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 2271–2278</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухин НА, Балкаpов ИМ, Соничев ДГ, Лебедева МВ. Фоpмиpование аpтеpиальной гипеpтонии пpи уpатном тубулоинтеpстициальном поpажении почек. Тер архив 1999; 71 (6): 23–29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мухин НА, Балкаpов ИМ, Соничев ДГ, Лебедева МВ. Фоpмиpование аpтеpиальной гипеpтонии пpи уpатном тубулоинтеpстициальном поpажении почек. Тер архив 1999; 71 (6): 23–29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kanellis J, Nakagawa T, Herrera-Acosta J et al. A single pathway for the development of essential hypertension. Cardiol Rev 2003; 11: 180–196</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kanellis J, Nakagawa T, Herrera-Acosta J et al. A single pathway for the development of essential hypertension. Cardiol Rev 2003; 11: 180–196</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kimmelsteil P, Wilson C. Benign and malignant hypertension and nephrosclerosis. A clinical and pathological study. Am J Pathol 1936; 12: 45–81</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kimmelsteil P, Wilson C. Benign and malignant hypertension and nephrosclerosis. A clinical and pathological study. Am J Pathol 1936; 12: 45–81</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sommers SC, Relman AC, Smithwick RH. Histologic studies of kidney biopsy specimens from patients with hypertension. Am J Pathol 1958; 34: 685–715</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sommers SC, Relman AC, Smithwick RH. Histologic studies of kidney biopsy specimens from patients with hypertension. Am J Pathol 1958; 34: 685–715</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sommers SC, Melamed J. Renal pathology of essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1990; 3: 583–587</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sommers SC, Melamed J. Renal pathology of essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1990; 3: 583–587</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones DB. Arterial and glomerular lesions associated with severe hypertension.Lab Invest 1974; 31: 303–313</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones DB. Arterial and glomerular lesions associated with severe hypertension.Lab Invest 1974; 31: 303–313</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gуmez DM. Evaluation of renal resistances, with special reference to changes in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest 1951; 30: 1143–1155</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gуmez DM. Evaluation of renal resistances, with special reference to changes in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest 1951; 30: 1143–1155</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldring W, Chasis H, Ranges HA, Smith HW. Effective renal blood flow and functional excretory mass in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest 1938; 17: 505–509</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldring W, Chasis H, Ranges HA, Smith HW. Effective renal blood flow and functional excretory mass in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest 1938; 17: 505–509</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Leeuw PW, Birkenhдger AM. The renal circulation in essential hypertension. J Hypertens 1983; 1: 321–331</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Leeuw PW, Birkenhдger AM. The renal circulation in essential hypertension. J Hypertens 1983; 1: 321–331</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bohle A, Wehrmann M, Greschniok A, Junghaus R. Renal morphology in essential hypertension: Analysis of 1177 unselected cases. Kidney Int 1998; 54 [Suppl 67]: S205–S206</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bohle A, Wehrmann M, Greschniok A, Junghaus R. Renal morphology in essential hypertension: Analysis of 1177 unselected cases. Kidney Int 1998; 54 [Suppl 67]: S205–S206</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bohle A, Ratschek M. The compensated and the decompensated form of benign nephrosclerosis. Path Res Pract 1982; 174: 357–367</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bohle A, Ratschek M. The compensated and the decompensated form of benign nephrosclerosis. Path Res Pract 1982; 174: 357–367</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rasmussen H, Boe J. The prognosis of essential hypertension, with remarks respecting the indications for operative treatment. Acta Med Scand 1945; 120: 12–31</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasmussen H, Boe J. The prognosis of essential hypertension, with remarks respecting the indications for operative treatment. Acta Med Scand 1945; 120: 12–31</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Talbott JH, Castleman B, Smithwick RH et al. Renal biopsy studies correlated with renal clearance observations in hypertensive patients treated by radical sympathectomy. J Clin Invest 1943; 22: 387–394</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talbott JH, Castleman B, Smithwick RH et al. Renal biopsy studies correlated with renal clearance observations in hypertensive patients treated by radical sympathectomy. J Clin Invest 1943; 22: 387–394</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
