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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2019-23-5-29-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-1740</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хроническая болезнь почек у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic kidney disease in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-7888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вялкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyalkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вялкова Альбина Александровна – профессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой факультетской педиатрии</p><p>460000, г. Оренбург, ул. Советская, д. 6. Тел.: 8(922)6258875</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina A. Vyalkova - MD, PhD, DMedSci, Head of Department of faculty Pediatrics</p><p>460000, Orenburg, Soviet st., 6. Orenburg. Рhone: 8(922)6258875.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_pediatry@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зорин Игорь Владимирович – профессор, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии</p><p>460000, г. Оренбург, ул. Советская, д. 6. Тел.: 8(912)8418344</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Zorin - MD, PhD, DMedSci, Professor at the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>460000, Orenburg, Soviet st., 6. Phone: 8(912)8418344.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zorin2000@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеснокова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chesnokova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чеснокова Светлана Александровна - аспирант кафедры факультетской педиатрии</p><p>460000, г. Оренбург, ул. Советская, д. 6. Тел.: 8(922)8858487</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Chesnokova - full-time graduate student of the department of faculty pediatrics</p><p>460000, Orenburg, Soviet st., 6. Phone: 8(922)8858487.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.s.a.dk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотникова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотникова Светлана Викторовна - аспирант кафедры факультетской педиатрии</p><p>460000, г. Оренбург, ул. Советская, д. 6. Тел.: 8(950)1845709</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Plotnikova – full-time graduate student of the department of faculty pediatrics</p><p>460000, Orenburg, Soviet st., 6. Phone: 8 (950)1845709.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barrsook@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вялкова А.А., Зорин И.В., Чеснокова С.А., Плотникова С.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вялкова А.А., Зорин И.В., Чеснокова С.А., Плотникова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vyalkova A.A., Zorin I.V., Chesnokova S.A., Plotnikova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1740">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1740</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – обсудить критерии ранней диагностики хронической болезни почек (ХБП) у детей. В статье представлены данные современной литературы по эпидемиологии, классификации и критериям диагностики ХБП, собственные научные результаты по клинико-параклинической характеристике ХБП и региональным особенностям ХБП у детей Оренбургской области. Научно обоснованы современные подходы к ранней диагностике ХБП у детей, выявлению факторов риска прогрессирования нефропатий и алгоритму диагностики ХБП в детском возрасте с учетом неблагоприятных региональных факторов; предложен комплекс мероприятий по профилактике нефропатий и разработана схема диспансерного наблюдения за детьми группы высокого риска; обоснованы пути совершенствования детской нефрологической службы. Представлены современные патогенетические подходы к диагностике ХБП у детей. Предложен алгоритм диагностики начальных стадий хронической болезни почек у детей группы риска по ХБП и детей с патологией почек без признаков ХБП с предварительным отбором анамнестических и клинико-параклинических показателей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal is to discuss the criteria for the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. The article presents data from modern literature on the epidemiology, classification, and criteria for the diagnosis of CKD, own scientific results on clinical and paraclinical characteristics of CKD and regional characteristics of CKD in children of the Orenburg region. Modern approaches to the early diagnosis of CKD in children, the identification of risk factors for the progression of nephropathy and the algorithm for the diagnosis of CKD in childhood, taking into account unfavorable regional factors, are scientifically substantiated. A set of measures for the prevention of nephropathy and a scheme of follow-up observation of children at high risk has been developed. The ways to improve the children's nephrology service are substantiated. Modern pathogenetic approaches to the diagnosis of CKD in children are presented. An algorithm for diagnosing the initial stages of CKD in children at risk for CKD and children with renal pathology without CKD with a preliminary selection of anamnestic and clinical and paraclinical indicators is proposed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>ранняя диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>early diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Папаян АВ, Савенкова НД. Клиническая нефрология детского возраста. 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