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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2019-236-29-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-1768</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АНЦА-ассоциированные васкулиты с доминирующим поражением почек: клинико-морфологическая презентация и исходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ANCA-associated vasculitis with dominant renal involvement: clinical and morphological presentation and outcomes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-5520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добронравов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobronravov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Добронравов Владимир Александрович, профессор, доктор медицинских наук  Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова, заместитель директора Научно-исследовательского института нефрологии по научной работе, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Dobronravov, Prof., MD, PhD, DMedSci Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Vice-Director, Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, professor</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build 54</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dobronravov@nephrolog.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-8137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карунная</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karunnaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карунная Анна Викторовна,  Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова, Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии, врач-нефролог отделения хронического гемодиализа, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Karunnaya, MD Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Research Institute of Nephrology, nephrologist of the Department of Chronic Hemodialysis, assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build 54</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.karunnaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казимирчик</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazimirchik</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казимирчик Артем Владимирович, лечебный факультет, студент VI курса</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 6/8</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem V. Kazimirchik, student, Faculty of Medicine, 6-year student</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 6/8</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">temaerema@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-9080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов Алексей Владимирович,профессор, доктор медицинских наук, директор Научно-исследовательского института нефрологии, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Smirnov, Prof., MD, PhD, DMedSci. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Director of the Research Institute of Nephrology, Head of The Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build 54</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov@nephrolog.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Nephrology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Добронравов В.А., Карунная А.В., Казимирчик А.В., Смирнов А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Добронравов В.А., Карунная А.В., Казимирчик А.В., Смирнов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dobronravov V.A., Karunnaya A.V., Kazimirchik A.V., Smirnov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1768">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1768</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Проанализировать клинико-морфологическую презентацию, течение и исходы первичных системных васкулитов, ассоциированных с наличием антител к цитоплазме нейтрофилов (АНЦА-В), с доминирующим поражением почек на фоне терапии; определить клинические и морфологические факторы, связанные c прогнозом.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В ретроспективное исследование включены 89 пациентов с АНЦА-В с морфологически подтвержденным поражением почек, получивших стандартную иммуносупрессивную терапию (ИСТ). Анализировали клинические, иммунологические, гистологические показатели на момент биопсии почки, в ближайшем (3–6 мес) и отдаленном периодах. Оценивали следующие исходы: достижение клинической и иммунологической ремиссии болезни; ее прогрессирование (по композитной точке: начало заместительной почечной терапии (ЗПТ) или расчетная скорость клубочковой фильтрации (рСКФ) &lt;15 мл/мин/1,73 м2 или снижение рСКФ &gt;50 %); смерть от всех причин. В мультивариантных регрессионных моделях определяли клинические и морфологические факторы, ассоциированные с прогнозом болезни (риском прогрессирования и динамикой рСКФ). Провели первичную валидацию ANCA Renal Risk Score (ARRS).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. 78 % случаев было представлено быстропрогрессирующим или острым нефритическим синдромом. У 66 % пациентов отмечали выраженную дисфункцию почек с рСКФ ≤29 мл/мин/1,73 м2. 15 % пациентов нуждались в остром диализе. Доминирующими морфологическими фенотипами поражения клубочков согласно International Pathology Classification (IPC) были склерозирующий (34 %) и смешанный (36 %). Медиана периода наблюдения составила 24 (8; 55) месяца. Кумулятивная общая выживаемость и почечная выживаемость (по ЗПТ) составили, соответственно: через 5 лет – 92 и 86 %; через 10 лет – 68 и 86 %. Кумулятивная доля случаев без прогрессирования поражения почек на 5 лет наблюдения составила 80 %, на 10 лет – 55 %. На фоне индукционной ИСТ через 3–6 месяцев у 81 % пациентов достигнута полная (59 %) или частичная (22 %) клиническая ремиссия заболевания, у 84 % – иммунологическая. Единственным фактором, ассоциированным с риском прогрессирования поражения почек, была концентрация креатинина сыворотки крови (Pcr) на момент диагностики (биопсии почки) [Expβ=1,73 (95 % ДИ 1,40–2,14) – на +0,1 ммоль/л]. Классы IPC, группы ARRS и все анализируемые морфологические показатели повреждения почек не имели независимой связи с анализируемыми почечными исходами в регрессионных моделях, скорректированных по Pcr. Независимыми факторами, связанными с рСКФ в отдаленном периоде, были: достижение клинической ремиссии в течение 3–6 месяцев начала индукционной терапии (β=0,36±0,08, p&lt;0,001); возраст (β=–0,34±0,09, p&lt;0,001), Pcr (β=–0,35±0,09, p&lt;0,001) и выраженность глобального склероза клубочков (β=–0,28±0,08, p&lt;0,001). С абсолютной динамикой рСКФ, помимо ремиссии (β=0,57±0,10, p&lt;0,001), были также достоверно связаны морфологические индексы – доля клеточных полулуний (β=0,26±0,12, p=0,023) и выраженность воспаления интерстиция почки (β=0,27±0,11, p=0,026).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. При адекватной диагностике и терапии неблагоприятный прогноз при АНЦА-В, определяемый выраженной дисфункцией почек на фоне воспалительных и фибропластических изменений органа, может быть существенно улучшен с достижением высоких показателей общей и почечной выживаемости. В дополнение к клиническим данным (исходной креатининемии и развития ранней ремиссии) раздельная оценка гломерулярных повреждений (глобального склероза и клеточных полулуний), а также воспаления интерстиция может быть более полезна для оценки индивидуального прогноза на фоне стандартной ИСТ, чем определение классов IPC и/или ARRS.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>THE AIM</title><p>THE AIM: The analysis of clinical and morphological presentations and outcomes of primary systemic vasculitis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA-V) with dominant kidney involvement; the determination of clinical and morphological parameters associated with prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS. Eighty nine patients with morphologically confirmed ANCA-associated kidney vasculitis on standard immunosuppressive therapy (IST) were included in this retrospective study. Clinical, immunological, and histological indices were analyzed at the time of the kidney biopsy, and early in the short-term (3-6 months) and in the long-term follow-up. The following outcomes were evaluated: the achievement of clinical and immunological remission of the disease; eGFR at the end of follow-up, the progression of renal disease (by the composite point: initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) or the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;15 ml/min/1.73m2 or decrease in eGFR &gt;50 %); all-cause mortality. The prognostic significance of clinical and morphological parameters was evaluated in multivariable regression models.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Most of cases (78 %) were represented by rapidly progressive or acute nephritic syndrome. Mean eGFR was 23 ml/min/1.73 m2. Fifteen percent of patients required acute dialysis. Dominant morphological phenotypes of glomerular lesions were sclerotic (34 %) and mixed (36 %) according to the International Pathology Classification (IPC). Median follow-up was 24 (8; 55) months. Cumulative 5-year and 10-year patient’s survivals and were 92 % and 86 %, respectively. Cumulative 5-year and 10-year renal survivals were 86 % and 68 %, respectively. The cumulative 5-year and 10-year proportions of cases without progression of kidney disease were 80 % and 55 %, respectively. Within 3-6 months of the induction IST 81 % of patients achieved clinical remission (complete (59 %) or partial (22 %)) (CR3-6), while 84 % of patients had immunological remission. Serum creatinine (Pcr) at the time of kidney biopsy was only the factor associated with the risk of renal progression (Expβ=1.73 (95 %CI 1.40-2.14) per 0.1 mmol/l increase). IPC classes and ANCA Renal Risk Score (ARRS) groups as well as other morphological indices of kidney injury had no independent associations with the renal outcomes in Cox models adjusted for Pcr. The independent factors associated with eGFR at the end of follow-up were: CR3-6 (β=0.36±0.08, p&lt;0.001); age (β=-0.34±0.09, p&lt;0.001), Pcr (β=-0.35±0.09, p&lt;0.001) and the global glomerulosclerosis (β=0.28±0.08, p&lt;0.001). CR3-6 (β=0.57±0.10, p&lt;0.001), and the proportion of cellular crescents (β=0.26±0.12, p=0.023) and interstitial inflammation (β=0.27±0.11, p=0.026) were also independently associated with the change of eGFR by the end of follow-up.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. An unfavorable renal prognosis for ANCA-V determined by severe renal dysfunction due to inflammatory and fibrotic alterations of the organ can be significantly improved by adequate therapy with the achievement of higher patient’s and kidney’s survival. The baseline serum creatinine is only the factor associated with the long-term risks of dialysis and kidney disease progression. In addition to baseline serum creatinine and the development of early clinical remission, the separate assessment of global glomerular sclerosis, cellular crescents, and interstitial inflammation may be more useful for the individual prediction of long-term eGFR changes than IPC classes or ARRS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>АНЦА-ассоциированный системный васкулит</kwd><kwd>поражение почек</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>ремиссии</kwd><kwd>исходы</kwd><kwd>почечная выживаемость</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>шкала почечного риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis</kwd><kwd>renal damage</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>remissions</kwd><kwd>outcomes</kwd><kwd>renal survival</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>ANCA Renal Risk Score</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Westman K, Flossmann O, Gregorini G. 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