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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2020-24-6-9-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-1897</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исходы хронической болезни почек с точки зрения пациента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Patient-reported outcomes in chronic kidney disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9039-6613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Ирина Андреевна, д-р психол. наук, научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии, лаборатория почечной недостаточности, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54Тел.: +7(812)338-69-34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Vasilieva, PhD, DSc, Research Institute of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Insufﬁciency, Senior Researcher</p><p>197022, Saint Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build. 54Phone: +7(812)338-69-34 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ira707@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-5520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добронравов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobronravov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Добронравов Владимир Александрович, д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по научной работе научно-исследовательского института нефрологии, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54Тел.: +7(812)338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Vladimir A. Dobronravov, MD, PhD, DSc, Research Institute of Nephrology, Deputy Director for research; Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases with the clinic, Professor</p><p>197022, Saint Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build. 54Phone: +7(812)338-69-01 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dobronravov@nephrolog.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева И.А., Добронравов В.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева И.А., Добронравов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilieva I.A., Dobronravov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1897">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/1897</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре приведено определение понятия «исходы с точки зрения пациента» (patient-reported outcomes – PRO). К основным компонентам PRO относят качество жизни (КЖ), связанное со здоровьем; симптоматику, оцениваемую пациентом; функциональный статус; удовлетворенность лечением. Представлено описание наиболее часто применяемых опросников для оценки КЖ пациентов с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП). Показано, что на додиализных стадиях ХБП страдает, в первую очередь, физическая составляющая КЖ. По мере прогрессирования ХБП снижаются суммарный показатель физического здоровья опросника SF-36, а также оценки шкал физического функционирования, влияния физического здоровья на повседневную деятельность, боли, общего здоровья. Из специфических для ХБП шкал КЖ отмечается ухудшение оценок шкал «симптомы/проблемы», «бремя заболевания почек», «влияние заболевания почек на повседневную деятельность». Убедительных данных в пользу снижения показателей психосоциальной компоненты КЖ у больных с ХБП в литературе не представлено. В обзоре приведено определение понятия «всесторонняя консервативная помощь», предложенное экспертами, присутствовавшими на состоявшейся в 2013 году Согласительной конференции KDIGO по поддерживающей помощи. Показано, что всесторонняя консервативная помощь может быть достаточно эффективным методом выбора для пожилых пациентов с 5-й стадией ХБП. Продемонстрировано, что снижение суммарного показателя физического здоровья опросника SF-36 независимо ассоциировано с прогрессированием ХБП и повышением риска смерти. Вместе с тем, исследования КЖ пациентов с ХБП додиализных стадий немногочисленны. Сопоставимость данных затруднена вследствие использования различных опросников для оценки КЖ. Практически отсутствуют рандомизированные клинические исследования, что снижает ценность полученных результатов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review provides a definition of the concept of «patient-reported outcomes (PRO)». The main components of PRO include health-related quality of life (QoL), symptoms assessed by the patient, functional status, satisfaction with treatment. The review presents a description of the most frequently used questionnaires for assessing QoL in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It has been shown that the physical component of QoL decreases in predialysis stages of CKD. As CKD progresses, the Physical Component Summary (PCS) of the SF-36 questionnaire deteriorates, as well as the scale scores of Physical functioning, Pain, General health, and Role limitations caused by Physical problems (RP). Among the CKD-specific QoL scales, a deterioration in the scores of Symptoms/Problems, Burden of Kidney Disease, Effects of kidney disease on daily life is observed. There are no convincing data in the literature in favor of a decrease in psychosocial aspects of QoL in patients with CKD. The review presents the definition of «comprehensive conservative care» proposed by the experts convened at the 2013 KDIGO Controversies Conference on Supportive Care. It has been shown that comprehensive conservative care can be a fairly effective method of choice for elderly patients with Stage 5 CKD. It has been demonstrated that a decrease in PCS is independently associated with CKD progression and an increased risk of death. However, the information on QoL in predialysis CKD is insufficient. The use of different questionnaires for QoL assessment complicates data comparison. Randomized clinical trials are practically absent, which reduces the value of the results obtained.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исходы с точки зрения пациента</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>SF-36</kwd><kwd>KDQOL-SF</kwd><kwd>KDQOL-36</kwd><kwd>всесторонняя консервативная помощь</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>patient-reported outcomes</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>SF-36</kwd><kwd>KDQOL-SF</kwd><kwd>KDQOL-36</kwd><kwd>comprehensive conservative care</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">United States Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Industry Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: Use in Medical Product Development to Support Labeling Claims. 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