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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2021-25-6-27-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2047</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль свободных легких цепей иммуноглобулинов в развитии и прогрессировании заболеваний почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunoglobulin free light chains in developing and progression of kidney diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0917-0375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асс. Чурко Анна Аркадьевна - кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54. Тел.: (812) 338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant professor Anna A. Churko – Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases.</p><p>197022, Saint-Petersburg, Str. Leo Tolstoy, 17 build 54, Phone: +78123386901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">churko.anna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-4488</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храброва</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrabrova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Храброва Мария Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54. Тел.: (812) 338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate professor Maria S. Khrabrova, MD, PhD, Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases.</p><p>197022, Saint-Petersburg, Str. Leo Tolstoy, 17 build 54. Phone: +78123386901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hrabrovamc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-9080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Смирнов Алексей Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук Заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, директор НИИ нефрологии, Первый Санкт-Петербургский ГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54. Тел.: +7(812)338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Alexey V. Smirnov - MD, PhD, DMedSci, Pavlov University, Research Institute of Nephrology, director.</p><p>197022, St-Petersburg, L. Tolstoy st., 17, build. 54. Phone: (812) 338-69- 01</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov@nephrolog.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-1043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Румянцев Александр Шаликович - доктор медицинских наук.</p><p>199106, Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., д. 8а. Тел.: +7 (812) 326-03-26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Alexandr Sh. Rumyantsev - MD, PhD, DMedSci.</p><p>199106, St. Petersburg, 21st line V.O., 8a., Tel .: +7 (812) 326-03-26</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rash.56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Nephrology, Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University; Saint-Petersburg state University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чурко А.А., Храброва М.С., Смирнов А.В., Румянцев А.Ш., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чурко А.А., Храброва М.С., Смирнов А.В., Румянцев А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Churko A.A., Khrabrova M.S., Smirnov A.V., Rumyantsev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2047">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2047</self-uri><abstract><p>Свободные легкие цепи (СЛЦ) иммуноглобулинов с момента их открытия в конце XIX начале XX веков представляют интерес для исследователей в различных отраслях медицины. Помимо гематологии, где активно изучается роль моноклональных СЛЦ (мСЛЦ), продуцируемых клоном В-клеточной линии, не стали исключением и другие специальности. Так, в современных неврологии и ревматологии активно исследуются поликлональные СЛЦ (пСЛЦ), вырабатываемые В-лимфоцитами при их избыточной иммунной/аутоиммунной стимуляции. В патогенезе заболеваний почек могут участвовать как мСЛЦ, так и пСЛЦ. Значение мСЛЦ для нефрологии связано, во-первых, с различными вариантами поражения почек при моноклональныхгаммапатиях - цилиндровой нефропатией, AL-амилоидозом и проч., а во-вторых, с инициацией эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода и прогрессированием склеротических изменений ренального тубулоинтерстиция. В отношении пСЛЦ их повышенный уровень при патологии почек различного генеза ассоциирован с неблагоприятным прогнозом не только в отношении прогрессирования хронической болезни почек, но и жизни. Это позволяет обоснованно предполагать участие пСЛЦ в инициации профибротических процессов в почке. На настоящий момент считается, что механизм эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода, лежащий в основе формирования фиброза почечной паренхимы, может быть опосредован не только мСЛЦ, но и пСЛЦ, что продемонстрировано в ограниченном числе исследований при некоторых гломерулопатиях. В обзоре изложены современные представления о СЛЦ, а также роли мСЛЦ и пСЛЦ при патологии почек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Free light chains (FLC) of immunoglobulins have been of interest to researchers in various branches of medicine since their discovery in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In addition to hematology, where the role of monoclonal FLC (mFLC) produced by the clone of the B-cell line is being actively studied, other specialties are no exception. Thus, in modern neurology and rheumatology, polyclonal FLC (pFLC), produced by B-lymphocytes during their excessive immune/autoimmune stimulation, are being actively studied. In the pathogenesis of kidney disease, both mFLC and pFLC can be involved. The importance of mFLC for nephrology is associated, firstly, with various variants of kidney damage in monoclonal gammopathies - cylinder nephropathy, AL-amyloidosis, etc., and secondly, with the initiation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the progression of sclerotic changes in the renal tubulointerstitium. With regard to pFLC, their increased level in kidney pathology of various origins is associated with an unfavorable prognosis not only in relation to the progression of chronic kidney disease but also in life. This allows us to reasonably assume the participation of PSLC in the initiation of profibrotic processes in the kidney. Currently, it is believed that the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which underlies the formation of fibrosis of the renal parenchyma, can be mediated not only by mFLC, but also by pFLC, which has been demonstrated in a limited number of studies in some glomerulopathies. The review outlines the current understanding of FLC, as well as the role of mFLC and pFLC in renal pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моноклональные свободные легкие цепи</kwd><kwd>поликлональные свободные легкие цепи</kwd><kwd>моноклональная-гаммапатия ренального значения</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>тубулоинтерстициальный фиброз</kwd><kwd>первичные гломеруло-патии</kwd><kwd>эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monoclonal free light chains</kwd><kwd>polyclonal free light chains</kwd><kwd>monoclonal renal gammopathy</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>tubulointerstitial fibrosis</kwd><kwd>primary glomerulopathies</kwd><kwd>epithelial-mesenchymal transition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henry BJ. 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