nefrНефрологияNephrology (Saint-Petersburg)1561-62742541-9439Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University10.36485/1561-6274-2022-26-4-18-30nefr-2157Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESНужны ли пробиотики в нефрологии?Are Probiotics Needed in Nephrology?https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3565-9094КузнецоваА. Б.KuznetzovaA. B.

Кузнецова Анастасия Борисовна 

кафедра генетики

344090

пр. Стачки, д. 194/1

г. Ростов-на-Дону

тел.: +79508466585

Anastasia Borisovna Kuznetzova

Department of Genetics

344090

Stachki avenue, 194/1

Rostov-on-Don

tel.: +79508466585

anbkuznetzova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7823-9044ПраздноваЕ. В.PrazdnovaE. V.

Празднова Евгения Валерьевна, д-р биол. наук

лаборатория экспериментального мутагенеза

344090

пр. Стачки, д. 194/1

г. Ростов-на-Дону

тел.: +79085119497

Prazdnova Evgeniya Valerievna, Doctor of Biological Sciences

Laboratory of Experimental Mutagenesis

344090

Stachki Avenue, 194/1

Rostov-on-Don

tel.: +79085119497

prazdnova@sfedu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-0855ЧистяковВ. А.ChistyakovV. A.

Чистяков Владимир Анатольевич, д-р биол. наук

лаборатория новых биопрепаратов

344090

пр. Стачки, д. 194/1

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Chistyakov Vladimir Anatolyevich, Doctor of Biological Sciences

laboratory of new biological products

344090

Stachki Avenue, 194/1

Rostov-on-Don

vladimirchi@sfedu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-6994КуцеваловаО. Ю.KutsevalovaO. Yu.

Куцевалова Ольга Юрьевна

лаборатория клинической микробиологии

тел.: 89054530215

Olga Yurievna Kutsevalova

Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology

tel.: 89054530215

folga_kutsevalova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-4524БатюшинМ. М.BatiushinM. M.

Батюшин Михаил Михайлович

кафедра внутренних болезней №2

344022

пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29

г. Ростов-на-Дону

тел.: +78632014423

Batiushin Mikhail Mikhailovich

Department of Internal Diseases No. 2

344022

lane. Nakhichevan, 29

Rostov-on-Don

tel.: +78632014423

batjushin-m@rambler.ruАкадемия биологии и биотехнологии им. Д.И. Ивановского, Южный федеральный университетРоссияAcademy of Biology and Biotechnology named after D.I. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal UniversityRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Oncology"Russian FederationРостовский государственный медицинский университетРоссияRostov State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2022231120222641830Copyright © Кузнецова А.Б., Празднова Е.В., Чистяков В.А., Куцевалова О.Ю., Батюшин М.М., 20222022Кузнецова А.Б., Празднова Е.В., Чистяков В.А., Куцевалова О.Ю., Батюшин М.М.Kuznetzova A.B., Prazdnova E.V., Chistyakov V.A., Kutsevalova O.Y., Batiushin M.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2157

Нарушения взаимодействия между хозяином и микробиотой патофизиологически значимы у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП). При этом эффект является двунаправленным: с одной стороны, уремия влияет как на состав, так и на метаболизм микробиоты кишечника, а с другой стороны – уремические токсины возникают и удаляются в результате микробного метаболизма. Поэтому пробиотические препараты могут быть эффективным инструментом коррекции. Известны три позитивных механизма влияния пробиотиков: элиминация уремических удерживающих растворенных веществ (УУРВ), при которой происходит снижение превращения аминокислот в н-оксид триметиламина, п-крезилсульфат или индоксилсульфат; увеличение содержания в плазме крови короткоцепочечных жирных кислот; усиление гидролиза мочевины. ХБП является одним из частых осложнений сахарного диабета. Однако при этом заболевании не каждый способ введения пробиотиков может быть эффективным. Так, существенного влияния не наблюдалось при применении пробиотического йогурта. Многообещающие результаты даёт применение капсулированных пробиотиков: метаболические профили в 11 из 24 биомаркеров были положительными. Пробиотикотерапия может успешно применяться при заместительной почечной терапии.

Violations of the interaction between the host and the microbiota are pathophysiologically significant in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). At the same time, the effect is bi-directional: on the one hand, uremia affects both the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota, and on the other hand, uremic toxins arise and are removed as a result of microbial metabolism. Therefore, probiotic drugs can be an effective correction tool. There are three known positive mechanisms of the effect of probiotics: elimination of uremic retaining solutes (URVS), in which there is a decrease in the conversion of amino acids into trimethylamine n-oxide, p-cresyl sulfate or indoxyl sulfate; an increase in the content of short-chain fatty acids in blood plasma; increased hydrolysis of urea. CKD is one of the frequent complications of diabetes mellitus. However, with this disease, not every method of administration of probiotics can be effective. Thus, no significant effect was observed when using probiotic yogurt. The use of encapsulated probiotics gives promising results: metabolic profiles in 11 out of 24 biomarkers were positive. Probiotic therapy can be successfully used in renal replacement therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.