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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2022-26-4-127-131</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОГРАММА НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ПОСЛЕДИПЛОМНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ПО НЕФРОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROGRAM ON CONTINUOUS POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION ON NEPHROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы оценки функционального резерва почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods for assessing the functional reserve of the kidneys</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-1043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев Александр Шаликович, проф.  д-р мед. наук</p><p>199106</p><p>21-я линия В.О., д. 8а</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7 (812) 326-03-26</p><p>197022</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>тел.: +7(911)2677413</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Rumyantsev Aleksandr Shalikovich, Prof., MD, PhD, DMedSci </p><p>199106</p><p>21st line V.O., 8a</p><p>St. Petersburg</p><p>tel.: +7 (812) 326-03-26;</p><p>197022</p><p>L'va Tolstogo str. 6-8</p><p>St. Petersburg</p><p>tel.: +7 (911) 2677413</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rash.56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-3488</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучер</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucher</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучер Анатолий Григорьевич, проф., д-р мед. наук</p><p>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии, научно-клинический исследовательский центр, заместитель директора</p><p>197022</p><p>ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7(921)421-18-17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly G. Kucher, Prof., MD, PhD, DMedSci, Vice-Director</p><p>Research Institute of Nephrology, Research and Сlinical Research Center</p><p>197022</p><p>L.Tolstoy st., 17, build 54</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p><p>tel.: +7(921)421-18-17</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.kucher@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5722-8693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасун</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasun</surname><given-names>M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мохамад Х. Хасун, доцент, канд. мед. наук</p><p>197022</p><p>ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: (812) 346-39-26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Prof. Khasun H. Mohamad, MD, PhD</p><p>197022</p><p>L. Tolstoy st., 17, build. 54</p><p>St-Petersburg</p><p>tel.: (812) 346-39-26</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nefrolog2013@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кафедра факультетской терапии, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней, Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Department of Faculty Therapy, St. Petersburg State University; Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней, Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Department of propaedeutic of internal diseases Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Румянцев А.Ш., Кучер А.Г., Хасун М.Х., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Румянцев А.Ш., Кучер А.Г., Хасун М.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rumyantsev A.S., Kucher A.G., Khasun M.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2170">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2170</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема изучения функционального резерва почек привлекла внимание нефрологов около 40 лет назад. Однако, к настоящему времени не выработано единого протокола выполнения функциональных нагрузочных проб. При оценке экскреторной функции почек нефрологи, как и ранее, ориентируются на величину скорости клубочковой фильтрации. Однако, у двух пациентов одного возраста и пола одинаковая величина данного показателя не может трактоваться однозначно. В данной статье мы рассматриваем технические особенности выполнения нагрузочных проб с использованием яичного белка, «красного мяса», смеси аминокислот, 0,5 % раствора хлорида натрия. Все они требуют затрат времени и трудовых ресурсов. Это ограничивает возможности их использования в амбулаторных условиях. Мы полагаем, что определять функциональный резерв необходимо у пациентов без первичной патологии почек, то есть лицам с установленным диагнозом сахарный диабет или гипертоническая болезнь с длительностью заболевания не менее 5 лет. Серьезные нефропротективные мероприятия у них рекомендуется начинать только на стадии хронической болезни почек С3а. Возможно, что такое позднее начало вторичной профилактики отчасти объясняет увеличение доли таких пациентов в центрах гемодиализа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of studying the functional reserve of the kidneys attracted the attention of nephrologists about 40 years ago. However, to date, a single protocol for performing functional load tests has not been developed. When assessing the excretory function of the kidneys, nephrologists, as before, are guided by the value of the glomerular filtration rate. However, in two patients of the same age and gender, the same value of this indicator cannot be interpreted unambiguously. In this article, we consider the technical features of performing load tests using egg white, "red meat", a mixture of amino acids, 0.5 % sodium chloride solution. All of them require time and labor resources. This limits the possibilities of their use in outpatient settings. We believe that it is necessary to determine the functional reserve in patients without primary kidney pathology, that is, persons with an established diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or hypertension with a disease duration of at least 5 years. Serious nephroprotective measures in them are recommended to begin only at the stage of chronic kidney disease C3a. It is possible that such a late start of secondary prevention partly explains the increase in the proportion of such patients in hemodialysis centers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>функциональный резерв почек</kwd><kwd>нагрузочные пробы</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal functional reserve</kwd><kwd>stress tests</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические Практические Рекомендации KDIGO 2012 по Диагностике и Лечению Хронической Болезни Почек. Нефрология и диализ 2017;19(1):22–206. doi: 10.28996/1680-4422-2017-1-22-206</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Клинические Практические Рекомендации KDIGO 2012 по Диагностике и Лечению Хронической Болезни Почек. 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