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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2023-27-1-9-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2192</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LEADING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Парадигмы нефрологии мегаполиса в меняющемся мире: состояние, проблемы и перспективы развития нефрологической службы Санкт-Петербурга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Paradigms of megapolis nephrology in a changing world: status, problems and prospects of development of the nephrological service of St. Petersburg</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-3797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельских</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belskikh</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Николаевич Бельских, чл.-кор. РАН проф., д-р мед. наук, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>кафедра нефрологии и эфферентной терапии</p><p>194044</p><p>ул. Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei N. Belskikh, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>Department of nephrology and blood purification</p><p>194044</p><p>Akademika Lebedeva street, 6</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d0c62@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2673-8081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марухов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marukhov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артем Владимирович Марухов, канд. мед. наук, начальник отделения</p><p>отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p><p>194044</p><p>ул. Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem V. Marukhov, MD, PhD, head of the department</p><p>department of intensive care and intensive care</p><p>194044</p><p>Akademika Lebedeva street, 6</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maruxov84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конакова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Конакова, руководитель</p><p>191014</p><p>Литейный пр., 56</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: + 7 (812) 2757328</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Konakova, MD, head</p><p>191014</p><p>56 Liteyny Ave.</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Phone: + 7 (812) 2757328</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inkonakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6549-3991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Владимирович Захаров, доц., канд. мед. наук, заместитель начальника кафедры</p><p>кафедра нефрологии и эфферентной терапии</p><p>194044</p><p>ул. Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Zakharov, Docent, MD, PhD, Deputy Head of the Department</p><p>Department of nephrology and blood purification</p><p>194044</p><p>Akademika Lebedeva street, 6</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zamivlad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3426-3576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубченко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubchenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Валерьевна Чубченко, врач-анестезиолог–реаниматолог</p><p>отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p><p>194044</p><p>ул. Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>тел.: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya V. Chubchenko, MD, anesthesiologist-resuscitator</p><p>department of intensive care and intensive care</p><p>194044</p><p>Akademika Lebedeva street, 6</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 5424314</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nchubchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городской нефрологический центр, Городская Мариинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Nephrological Center, City Mariinsky Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бельских А.Н., Марухов А.В., Конакова И.Н., Захаров М.В., Чубченко Н.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бельских А.Н., Марухов А.В., Конакова И.Н., Захаров М.В., Чубченко Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belskikh A.N., Marukhov A.V., Konakova I.N., Zakharov M.V., Chubchenko N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2192">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2192</self-uri><abstract><p>   Течение пандемии COVID-19 привело к критическому росту нагрузки практически на все основные отрасли системы здравоохранения в нашей стране и за рубежом.</p><p>   Целями данной статьи являются анализ деятельности различных звеньев городской нефрологической службы Санкт-Петербурга и рассмотрение перспективных путей ее совершенствования.</p><p>   В состав нефрологической службы для взрослого населения в Санкт-Петербурге входят: амбулаторная служба; стационарная служба - 183 койки в круглосуточных стационарах города; диализная служба - 10 отделений диализа в муниципальных медицинских организациях, 5 в федеральных учреждениях и 8 центров / отделений, функционирующихв рамках частного-государственного партнерства. Число пациентов, находящихся на программном диализе, снизилось в 2021 году на 10,5 %, составив 1839 чел. Указанные изменения, вероятно, связаны с повышением уровня летальности среди пациентов данной категории в 2020 и 2021 гг, что является следствием не только заболевания COVID-19, но и неблагоприятного воздействия пандемии на систему здравоохранения. В течение трехлетнего периода увеличилась доля больных, проходящих амбулаторное лечение в частных диализных центрах. Частота формирования артериовенозных фистул в структуре первичного сосудистого доступа снизилась в 2020 году по сравнению с 2019 годом с 33,2 до 14,2 %. При этом существенно увеличилась доля применения временных центральных венозных катетеров в качестве первичного сосудистого доступа для проведения заместительной почечной терапии с 43,0 до 61,9 %. Развитие нефрологической службы во многом определяется ее финансированием. Для компенсации затрат лечебных учреждений города на проведение заместительной почечной терапии необходимо увеличение тарифов обязательного медицинского страхования (ОМС) не менее чем на 50 %. В медицинских организациях Санкт-Петербурга муниципального и федерального подчинения доля аппаратов «искусственная почка», выработавших ресурс, составляет 32,2 %, а в ряде лечебных учреждений - превышает 50 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The course of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a critical increase in the burden on virtually all major branches of the health care system in our country and abroad.</p><p>   The aim of this article is to analyse the activities of the different parts of the city nephrol­ogy service in Saint-Petersburg and to consider promising ways to improve it.</p><p>   The nephrology service for the adult population in St. Petersburg includes: outpatient service; inpatient service - 183 beds in 24-hour inpatient departments of the city; dialysis service - 10 dialysis units in municipal medical organizations, 5 in federal institutions, and 8 centers/departments operating in the framework of private-public partnership. The number of patients on dialysis programme decreased by 10.5 % to 1,839 in 2021. These changes are likely due to an increase in mortality among these patients in 2020 and 2021 which is a consequence not only of COVID-19 but also of the adverse impact of the pandemic on the health system. The proportion of patients treated as outpatients in private dialysis centres increased during the three-year period. The incidence of arteriovenous fistula formation in primary vascular access decreased from 33.2 % to 14.2 % in 2020 compared with 2019. At the same time, the use of temporary central venous catheters as primary vascular access for renal replacement therapy has increased significantly from 43.0 % to 61.9 %. The development of the nephrology service is largely determined by its funding. To compensate the costs of medical in­ stitutions in the city for conducting renal replacement therapy it is necessary to increase the tariffs of compulsory health insurance (CHI) by at least 50 %. In the medical organizations of Saint-Petersburg municipal and federal subordination the share of "artificial kidney" devices that have used up their resource is 32.2 %, and in a number of medical institutions it exceeds 50 %.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нефрологическая служба Санкт-Петербурга</kwd><kwd>пациенты</kwd><kwd>находящиеся на программном гемодиализе</kwd><kwd>основные показатели работы диализной службы города</kwd><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nephrology service of Saint-Petersburg</kwd><kwd>patients undergoing programmed hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>main indicators of the dialysis service of the city</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group. 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