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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2023-27-2-102-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2224</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности развития экспериментальной нефропатии у крыс при применении доксорубицина</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the development of experimental nephropathy in rats during the use of doxorubicin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-103X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверев</surname><given-names>Я. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zverev</surname><given-names>Ya. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Зверев Яков Федорович, д-р мед. наук</p><p> 656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p><p>Тел.: (3852)566-891</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Yakov F. Zverev MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>656038, Barnaul, Lenin avenue, 40</p><p>Phone: (3852)566-891</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zver@agmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-6401</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мотин</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motin</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Проф. Мотин Юрий Григорьевич, д-р мед. наук; врач-патологоанатом  </p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p><p>Тел.: (3852)689-689</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Yury G. Motin, MD, PhD, DMedSci, pathologist</p><p>656038, Barnaul, Lenin avenue, 40</p><p>Phone: (3852)689-689</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">y.gmotin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-4516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Доц. Мазко Олеся Николаевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p><p>Тел.: (3852)566-891</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assoc. prof. Olesya N. Mazko PhD, Cand boil sci.</p><p>656038, Barnaul, Lenin avenue, 40</p><p>Phone: (3852)566-891</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olesia.mazko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-8747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозгунова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozgunova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мозгунова Наталья Александровна, аспирант</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p><p>Тел.: (3852)566-891</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Mozgunova, Graduate student </p><p>656038, Barnaul, Lenin avenue, 40</p><p>Phone: (3852)566-891</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nataliamn1992@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-3390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мотина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Мотина Наталья Владимировна, канд. мед. наук</p><p> 656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p><p>Тел.: (3852)566-927</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Motina MD, PhD, Assoc. prof. </p><p>656038, Barnaul, Lenin avenue, 40</p><p>Phone: (3852)566-927</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">motinan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра фармакологии им. проф. В.М.Брюханова Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Pharmacology. prof. V.M. Bryukhanov, Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>кафедра судебной медицины имени профессора В.Н. Крюкова и патологической анатомии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования, Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Forensic Medicine named after Professor V.N. Kryukov and pathological anatomy with a course of additional professional education, Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>кафедра биологии, гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии, Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Biology, Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зверев Я.Ф., Мотин Ю.Г., Мазко О.Н., Мозгунова Н.А., Мотина Н.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зверев Я.Ф., Мотин Ю.Г., Мазко О.Н., Мозгунова Н.А., Мотина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zverev Y.F., Motin Y.G., Mazko O.N., Mozgunova N.A., Motina N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2224">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2224</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Одной из наиболее часто воспроизводимых моделей нефротоксического синдрома (НС) является доксорубициновая (адриамициновая) нефропатия у крыс. Однако механизмы ее развития остаются недостаточно исследованными, и не конца понятно, к какой форме НС следует относить индуцируемую доксорубицином нефротоксичность.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: воспроизведение доксорубициновой нефропатии у крыс в попытке морфологического идентифицирования возникшей патологии и определения роли процесса свободно-радикального окисления (СРО) в развитии данной модели нефротоксичности.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Нефропатию воспроизводили однократным внутривенным введением доксорубицина самцам крыс линии Вистар. В моче определяли содержание креатинина, суточную протеинурию, выделение альбумина. Гистологическое исследование почек производили с использованием электронного микроскопа Libra 120 (CarlZeiss, Германия). В крови и почке оценивали общую прооксидантную активность, общую антиоксидантную активность, концентрацию тиобарбитуратреактивных продуктов, активность антиоксидантных ферментов.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. На фоне постепенного снижения скорости клубочковой фильтрации регистрировалось значительное последовательное увеличение экскреции белка, во многом обеспечиваемое ростом экскреции альбумина. Электронномикроскопическое исследование выявило уменьшение количества малых (ножковых) отростков подоцитов, их слияние, склеротическое поражение элементов капиллярного клубочка, истончение ГБМ, склероз интерстиция. Наблюдалась резкая активация ОПА крови и рост содержания ТБРП. При этом активировались такие быстрореагирующие антиоксидантные ферменты, как КАТ и СОД. Показатель ОАА крови снижался параллельно уменьшению активности ГПО.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Внутривенное введение доксорубицина крысам индуцировало развитие токсического поражения почек с признаками НС. Характерным показателем явилось развитие ПУ на фоне снижения СКФ с 5-го дня и многократно увеличившейся к концу периода наблюдения. Наибольший вклад в развитие ПУ внесло повышение экскреции альбумина. Морфологическое исследование почек с помощью электронной микроскопии позволило с большой долей вероятности сделать вывод о сходстве развившейся патологии и ФСГС. Одновременно была зафиксирована активация СРО, выразившаяся в значительном прооксидантном действии и существенном снижении антиоксидантной активности крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. One of the most frequently reproduced models of NS is doxorubicin (adriamycin) nephropathy in rats. However, the mechanisms of its development remain insufficiently studied, and it is not entirely clear to which form of NS the nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin should be attributed.</p></sec><sec><title>THE AIM</title><p>THE AIM. Reproduction of doxorubicin nephropathy in rats in an attempt to morphologically identify the resulting pathology and determine the role of free radical oxidation (FRO) in the development of this model of nephrotoxicity.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Nephropathy was reproduced by a single intravenous administration of doxorubicin to male Wistar rats. In the urine, the content of creatinine, daily proteinuria, and albumin release were determined. Histological examination of the kidneys was performed using a Libra 120 electron microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The total prooxidant activity, total antioxidant activity, the concentration of thiobarbiturate-reactive products, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in the blood and kidney.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Against the background of a gradual decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, a significant consistent increase in protein excretion was recorded, largely due to an increase in albumin excretion. Electron microscopic examination revealed a decrease in the number of small (foot) processes of podocytes, their fusion, sclerotic lesions of the elements of the capillary glomerulus, thinning of the GBM, sclerosis of the interstitium. There was a sharp activation of blood OPA and an increase in the content of TBRP. At the same time, such fast-responding antioxidant enzymes as CAT and SOD were activated. The blood TAA decreased in parallel with the decrease in GPO activity.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. Intravenous administration of doxorubicin to rats induced the development of toxic kidney damage with signs of NS. A characteristic indicator was the development of PU against the background of a decrease in GFR from day 5 and increased many times by the end of the observation period. The greatest contribution to the development of PU was made by an in-crease in albumin excretion. Morphological examination of the kidneys using electron microscopy made it possible to conclude with a high degree of probability that the developed pathology and FSGS are similar. At the same time, FRO activation was recorded, which was expressed in a sig-nificant pro-oxidant effect and a significant decrease in the antioxidant activity of the blood.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доксорубициновая нефропатия</kwd><kwd>протеинурия</kwd><kwd>свободно-радикальное окисление</kwd><kwd>фокальносегментарный гломерулосклероз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Doxorubicin nephropathy</kwd><kwd>proteinuria</kwd><kwd>free radical oxidation</kwd><kwd>focal segmental glomerulosclerosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саенко ЮВ, Шутов АМ, Мусина РХ. К механизму токсического действия доксорубицина на почки. Нефрология 2006;10(4):72–76. doi: 10.24884/1561-6274-2006-10-4-72-76</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saenko YuV, Shutov AM, Musina RKh. 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