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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2025-29-2-58-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EVERTE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2423</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ и изменение подходов к интенсивной терапии критических осложнений нефротического синдрома у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis and modification of approaches to intensive care of critical complications of nephrotic syndrome in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-4458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маматкулов</surname><given-names>Б. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamatkulov</surname><given-names>B. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Маматкулов Бахром Басимович - канд. мед. наук Ташкентский        педиатрический   медицинский        институт, кафедра экстренной медицины, медицина катастроф.</p><p>100114, Узбекистан, г. Ташкент, Юнусабад 18-16-147. Тел.: 998(90)910-12-63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor Mamatkulov Bakhrom Basimovich MD, PhD  Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Department of Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine.</p><p>100114, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Yunusabad 18-16-147, Tel.: 998(90)910-12-63</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bahrom-mamatkulov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4053-4544</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маматкулов</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamatkulov</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Маматкулов Ихтиёр Басимович - канд. мед. наук Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институт, кафедра анестезиология и реаниматология, детской анестезиологии и реаниматологии.</p><p>100114, Узбекистан, Ташкент, Юнусабад 18-16-147. Тел.: 998(97)709-90-39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor Mamatkulov Ikhtiyor Basimovich - MD, PhD Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Pediatric Anesthesiology and Resuscitation.</p><p>100114, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Yunusabad 18-16-147, Tel.: 998(97)709-90-39</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhtiyor77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-0528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайдаров</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaidarov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент Хайдаров Музафар Бурханович - Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институт, кафедра анестезиология и реаниматология, детской анестезиологии и реаниматологии.</p><p>111215, Узбекистан, Ташкент, Кибрай, ул. Бабура 2-8. Тел.: 998(99)488-12-22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Khaidarov Muzafar Burkhanovich - MD, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Pediatric Anesthesiology and Reanimatology.</p><p>111215, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Kibray, st. Babura 2-8. Tel.: 998(99)488-12-22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muzafar.haydarov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институт; Национальный медицинский детский центр</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Institute of Pediatric Medicine; National Medical Children's Center</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институт</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tashkent Institute of Pediatric Medicine</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маматкулов Б.Б., Маматкулов И.Б., Хайдаров М.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маматкулов Б.Б., Маматкулов И.Б., Хайдаров М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamatkulov B.B., Mamatkulov I.B., Khaidarov M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2423">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2423</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным Всемирной ассоциации детских нефрологов, заболеваемость первичным нефротическим синдромом (НС) составляет 3–12 случаев на 100 000 детей и имеет тенденцию к увеличению. Ежегодно растет число пациентов с прогрессирующим течением заболевания, а нефротический синдром с тяжелой протеинурией, гипоальбуминемией, анасаркой встречается у 2–4 на 10 000 детей в возрасте младше 16 лет.</p><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: анализ и изменение подходов к интенсивной терапии критических осложнений НС у детей.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведено клинико-лабораторное обследование 120 больных детей, страдающих НС. В соответствии с международными стандартами, разделение больных на СРНС и СЧНС осуществлялось в соответствии с ответом на стандартный курс стероидной терапии (преднизолон 60 мг/м2/сут).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. По результатам нашего исследования и на основе проведенного корреляционного анализа показателей почечной ретенции натрия с параметрами, отражающих волемические нарушения при генерализованных отеках у детей с СЧНС и СРНС, позволили установить клинико-функциональные критерии характера причин развития отеков (диаграмма 6). При этом данную группу (в 11 случаях – 45 %) с рефрактерными отеками составили в основном дети с СЧНС, у которых определяются критическая гипоальбуминемия (менее 15 г/л в плазме), критическая задержка почками натрия (FENa &lt;0,2%) и внутрисосудистое сокращение объема жидкости (гиповолемия: уменьшение средних показателей индекса площади НПВ, объемного кровотока по нижней полой и почечной венам на фоне снижения диастолического индекса левого желудочка, ударного и сердечного индексов).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: у детей с нефротическим отеком нормоволемического и гиперволемического вариантов со стероидрезистентным НС, протекающим с артериальной гипертензией, олигурией и снижением показателя клубочковой фильтрации почек, отмечали при купировании генерализованных отеков высокую эффективность применения фуросемида в дозе 3–5 мг/кг массы тела и отсутствие достоверного эффекта альбумина и коллоидных растворов, что исключает использование последних в наших рекомендациях изменение подходов интенсивной терапии НС у детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to the World Association of Pediatric Nephrologists, the incidence of primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) is 3-12 cases per 100,000 children and tends to increase. The number of patients with a progressive course of the disease is growing every year, and nephrotic syndrome with severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, anasarca occurs in 2-4 per 10,000 children under the age of 16.</p><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: analysis and modification of approaches to intensive care of critical complications of nephrotic syndrome in children.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: A clinical and laboratory examination of 120 sick children suffering from NS was carried out. In accordance with international standards, the patients were divided into SRNS and SRNS in accordance with the response to the standard course of steroid therapy (prednisone 60 mg/m2/day).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Based on the results of our study and on the basis of a correlation analysis of the indicators of renal sodium retention with parameters reflecting volemic disorders in generalized edema in children with HCNS and SRNS, it was possible to establish clinical and functional criteria for the nature of the causes of edema (Figure 6). At the same time, mainly this group (in 11 cases – 45%) with refractory edema consisted mainly of children with HCV, in whom critical hypoalbuminemia (less than 15 g / l in plasma), critical renal sodium retention (FENa &lt;0.2%) and intravascular reduction in fluid volume (hypovolemia: decrease average indices of the index of the area of the NIP, volumetric blood flow through the inferior vena cava and renal veins against the background of a decrease in the diastolic index of the left ventricle, shock and cardiac indices).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: in children with nephrotic edema of normovolemic and hypervolemic variants with steroid-resistant NS occurring with arterial hypertension, oliguria and a decrease in the glomerular filtration index of the kidneys, high efficacy of furosemide at a dose of 3-5 mg/ kg of body weight and the absence of a reliable effect of albumin and colloidal solutions were noted when relieving generalized edema, which excludes the use of the latter in our recommendations on the revision of approaches to intensive care of NS in children.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>интраваскулярный статус</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>нефротический синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Echocardiography</kwd><kwd>intravascular status</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>nephrotic syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brad H. 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