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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2025-29-3-59-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JKAVES</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2454</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Адипонектин и белково-энергетическая недостаточность у пациентов, получающих лечение программным гемодиализом, есть ли связь?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adiponectin and protein-energy defi ciency in patients receiving programmed hemodialysis treatment, is there a relationship?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-9336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Яковенко Александр Александрович, канд. мед. наук, кафедры нефрологии и диализа</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>Тел.: 8(952)3625464</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Prof. Alexander A. Yakovenko MD, PhD, Department of Nephrology and Dialysis</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6-8 Lva Tolstogo str.</p><p>Tel.: 8(952)3625464</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leptin-rulit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-2785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврищева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrishcheva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Лаврищева Юлия Владимировна, канд. мед. наук, кафедра факультетской терапии с клиникой</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p><p>Тел.: 8(921)7901007</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Prof. Yulia V. Lavrishcheva MD, PhD, Department of Faculty Therapy with Clinic</p><p>197341, Saint Petersburg, Akkuratova str., 2</p><p>Tel.: 8(921)7901007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lavrischeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-1043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Румянцев Александр Шаликович, д-р мед. наук, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней; медицинский институт, кафедра факультетской терапии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>199106 Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., д. 8а</p><p>Тел.: +7(911)2677413</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Alexander Sh. Rumyantsev MD, PhD, DMedSci, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases; Medical Institute, Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6-8 Lva Tolstogo str.</p><p>199106 Saint Petersburg, 21st line V. O., 8a</p><p>Phone: +7(911)2677413</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rash.56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov; St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковенко А.А., Лаврищева Ю.В., Румянцев А.Ш., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковенко А.А., Лаврищева Ю.В., Румянцев А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovenko A.A., Lavrishcheva Y.V., Rumyantsev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2454">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2454</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Белково-энергетическая недостаточность (БЭН) является независимым предиктором заболеваемости и летальности у пациентов на гемодиализе (ГД). Среди дисгормональных нарушений, ассоциирующихся с ее развитием, особый интерес вызывает адипонектин (ADPN) – адипокин, обладающий позитивным влиянием на углеводный обмен и состояние скелетной мускулатуры. Однако терминальная стадия почечной недостаточности (тПН) характеризуется заметно повышенным уровнем ADPN в плазме в сочетании с повышенными рисками сердечно-сосудистых событий, активацией хронического низкоуровневого воспаления, высокой частотой БЭН и саркопении. ЦЕЛЬ: оценить взаимосвязь между уровнем ADPN в сыворотке крови с показателями БЭН у пациентов, получающих лечение ГД. ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследованы 645 пациентов, получающих лечение ГД (300 мужчин и 345 женщин), средний возраст – 56,8±12,8 года. Все пациенты получали лечение бикарбонатным ГД по стандартной схеме. Диагностику БЭН проводили в соответствии с рекомендациями ISRNM. Определение уровня ADPN в сыворотке крови проводили с использованием коммерческого набора «Adiponectin – ELISA» («Mediagnost», Германия). РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Распространённость БЭН составила 24,9 %, половых различий не выявлено. Взаимосвязи с возрастом пациентов не выявлено, взаимосвязь с длительностью ГД высокодостоверна, однако, степень ее невелика (Rs=0,184, р=0,0001). Средняя концентрация ADPN в сыворотке крови у мужчин составила 7,8±2,7 нг/мл, у женщин – 10,6±3,3 нг/мл (p=0,0001), при этом у женщин повышенный уровень ADPN сыворотке крови встречался статистически значимо реже, чем у мужчин (63,19 и 79,33 % соответственно, χ2=27,533, р=0,006). У пациентов с повышенным уровнем ADPN сыворотки крови выявляли статистически значимо более низкие значения основных показателей нутриционного статуса. При проведении множественного пошагового регрессионного получена математическая модель, в соответствии с которой ADPN положительно взаимосвязан с объемом жировой ткани и отрицательно с альбумином сыворотки крови и массой скелетной мускулатуры, что ассоциировалось с увеличением вероятности развития БЭН, определенной методом ISRNM, в 1,5 раза (χ2=164,63, р=0,0001). Нулевую статистическую гипотезу об отсутствие различий и связей отвергали при p&lt;0,05. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Повышение уровня ADPN у наших пациентов, вероятно, обусловлено комбинацией нескольких причин: увеличением продукции при развитии ожирения, снижением клиренса при тПН, развитием периферической резистентности рецепторов к ADPN. Парадоксальную, на первый взгляд, взаимосвязь между высоким уровнем ADPN и БЭН можно объяснить усилением его влияний в паравентрикулярном, дугообразном и латеральном ядрах гипоталамуса за счет активации AdipoR1, что ведет к снижению аппетита и повышению расхода энергии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Among the dishormonal disorders associated with its development, adiponectin (ADPN), an adipokine with a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism and skeletal muscle condition, is of particular interest. However, end-stage renal failure (ESRD) is char- acterized by markedly elevated plasma ADPN levels combined with increased risks of cardiovascular events, activation of chronic low-level inflammation, high incidence of BEN and sarcopenia. BACKGROUND: to evaluate the relationship between serum ADPN levels and BEN levels in patients receiving HD treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS. 645 patients receiving HD treatment (300 men and 345 women) with an average age of 56.8±12.8 years were examined. All patients were treated with bicarbonate HD according to the standard scheme. The diagnosis of PEW was carried out in accordance with the ISRNM rec- ommendations. The level of ADPN in blood serum was determined using the commercial kit "Adiponectin – ELISA" (“Mediag- nost”, Germany). RESULTS. The prevalence of PEW was 24.9%, and no sex differences were found. There was no relationship with the age of patients, the relationship with the duration of HD is highly reliable, but its degree is low (Rs=0.184 p=0.0001). The average concentration of ADPN in the blood serum in men was 7.8±2.7 ng/ml, in women 10.6±3.3 ng/ml (p=0.0001), while in women, elevated serum ADPN levels were statistically significantly less common than in men (63.19% and 79.33%, respectively, χ2=27.533, p=0.006). In patients with elevated serum ADPN levels, statistically significantly lower values of the main indicators of nutritional status were detected. When conducting multiple stepwise regression, a mathematical model was obtained, according to which ADPN is positively correlated with the volume of adipose tissue and negatively with serum albu- min and skeletal muscle mass, which was associated with a 1.5-fold increase in the probability of developing BEN, determined by the ISRNM method (χ2=164.63, p=0.0001). The null statistical hypothesis of the absence of differences and connections was rejected at p&lt;0.05. CONCLUSION. The increase in ADPN levels in our patients is probably due to a combination of several reasons: an increase in production with the development of obesity, a decrease in clearance with ESRD, and the development of peripheral ADPN receptor resistance. The paradoxical, at first glance, relationship between a high level of ADPN and BEN can be explained by an increase in its effects in the paraventricular, arcuate, and lateral nuclei of the hypothalamus due to activation of AdipoR1, which leads to a decrease in appetite and increased energy expenditure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адипонектин</kwd><kwd>белково-энергетическая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adiponectin</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>protein-energy wasting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено на базе кафедры нефрологии и диализа ФПО ФГБОУ ВО ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава РФ, Санкт-Петербург, Россия</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed on the basis of the Department of Nephrology and Dialysis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрусев АМ, Томилина НА, Перегудова НГ, Шинкарев МБ. Заместительная терапия терминальной хронической почечной недостаточности в Российской Федерации 2014–2018 гг. Отчет по данным Общероссийского Регистра заместительной почечной терапии Российского диализного общества. Нефрология и диализ 2020;22(1):1–71. doi: 10.28996/2618-9801-2020-1suppl-1-71</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrusev AM, Tomilina NA, Peregudova NG, Shinkarev MB. 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