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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2025-29-4-53-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">PGSYQW</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тиреоидная дисфункция у пациентов с терминальной почечной недостаточностью на гемодиализе: роль аутоиммунного компонента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thyroid dysfunction in patients with end-stage renal failure on hemodialysis: the role of the autoimmune component</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-9365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Волкова Анна Ральфовна, д-р мед. наук</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 6–8, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)338-66-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Anna R. Volkova, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6–8 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 10</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 338-66-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkovaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-7275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимов</surname><given-names>Ю. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimov</surname><given-names>Yu. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Халимов Юрий Шавкатович, д-р мед. наук</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 6–8, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)338-66-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Yuriy Sh. Khalimov, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6–8 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 10</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 338-66-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yushkha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-0323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дыгун</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dygun</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Дыгун Ольга Дмитриевна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 6–8, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)338-66-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga D. Dygun, MD, PhD</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6–8 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 10</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 338-66-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dod.90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1112-146X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ченцов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chentsov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ченцов Михаил Сергеевич</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 6–8, корп. 10</p><p>Тел.: (812) 338-66-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail S. Chentsov, MD</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 6–8 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 10</p><p>Phone: (812) 338-66-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michaelchentsov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-3151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есаян</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Esayan</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Есаян Ашот Мовсесович, д-р мед. наук</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)234-91-91</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Ashot M. Esayan, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, 17 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 54</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 234-91-91</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">essaian.ashot@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4768-3780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукичев</surname><given-names>Б. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukichev</surname><given-names>B. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Лукичев Борис Георгиевич, д-р мед. наук</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Boris G. Lukichev, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, 17 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 54</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 338-69-01с</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borislukichev@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-8137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карунная</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karunnaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карунная Анна Викторовна</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Л. Толстого, д. 17, корп. 54</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)338-69-01</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Karunnaya, MD</p><p>197022, Russia, St. Petersburg, 17 L. Tolstoy st., bldg. 54</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 338-69-01</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karunnaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Saint Petersburg State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Saint Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова А.Р., Халимов Ю.Ш., Дыгун О.Д., Ченцов М.С., Есаян А.М., Лукичев Б.Г., Карунная А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова А.Р., Халимов Ю.Ш., Дыгун О.Д., Ченцов М.С., Есаян А.М., Лукичев Б.Г., Карунная А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova A.R., Khalimov Y.S., Dygun O.D., Chentsov M.S., Esayan A.M., Lukichev B.G., Karunnaya A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2495">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2495</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Тиреоидная дисфункция является частым осложнением у пациентов с терминальной стадией почечной недостаточности (тПН), получающих лечение программным гемодиализом, однако, роль аутоиммунного компонента в развитии этих нарушений остаётся недостаточно изученной.ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: изучить особенности тиреоидной дисфункции и роль аутоиммунного компонента в её развитии у пациентов с тПН на программном гемодиализе.ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследование включены 134 пациента с тПН на программном гемодиализе. Всем участникам проведено комплексное клинико-лабораторное обследование с определением уровней тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ), свободных Т3 и Т4, антител к тиреоидной пероксидазе (АТ-ТПО), а также базовых биохимических и гематологических показателей. Статистический анализ данных проведен с использованием стандартных методов сравнительного анализа.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Гипотиреоз был диагностирован у 30,6 % пациентов, при этом повышение уровня АТ-ТПО отмечено только у четверти из них. У пациентов с гипотиреозом медиана уровня АТ-ТПО была статистически значимо выше по сравнению с группой эутиреоза (1,50 [0,70; 7,50] и 0,80 [0,30; 3,70] МЕ/мл соответственно, p = 0,021). Пол, возраст, индекс массы тела и нозологические формы заболеваний почек не оказывали влияния на развитие гипотиреоза или повышение АТ-ТПО.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. У пациентов с тПН на гемодиализе гипотиреоз встречается часто, однако, аутоиммунный механизм выявляется только у части больных. Тиреоидная дисфункция носит полиэтиологичный характер, что необходимо учитывать при диагностике и ведении данной категории пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BACKGROUND. Thyroid dysfunction is a common complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving maintenance hemodialysis. However, the role of the autoimmune component in these disorders remains insufficiently studied.THE AIM: to study the features of thyroid dysfunction and the role of the autoimmune component in its development in patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 134 patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation, including measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 and T4, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), as well as basic biochemical and hematological parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using standard comparative methods.RESULTS. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 30.6 % of patients; however, elevated anti-TPO levels were found only in a quarter of them. In patients with hypothyroidism, the median anti-TPO level was significantly higher than in the euthyroid group (1.50 [0.70; 7.50] vs. 0.80 [0.30; 3.70] IU/mL, p = 0.021). Sex, age, body mass index, and renal disease etiology did not influence the development of hypothyroidism or elevated anti-TPO.CONCLUSION. Among patients with ESRD on hemodialysis, hypothyroidism is common, while the autoimmune mechanism is present only in a subset of cases. Thyroid dysfunction is multifactorial and should be taken into account in diagnosis and management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунный процесс</kwd><kwd>антитела к тиреоидной пероксидазе</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>autoimmune process</kwd><kwd>anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan JA, Kanwal S, Aamir MS, Ali A, Ahmad J, Mumtaz A et al. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. Prof Med J 2024;31(09):1288–1293. doi: 10.29309/TPMJ/2024.31.09.8223</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan JA, Kanwal S, Aamir MS, Ali A, Ahmad J, Mumtaz A et al. 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