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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2025-29-4-77-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SGDLZG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2498</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска смерти и тяжести течения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for death and severity of the course of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8497-0693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватазин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatazin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Ватазин Андрей Владимирович, д-р мед. наук</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7(916)1482790</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Andrey Vladimirovich Vatazin, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>129110 Moscow, 61/2 Shchepkina St., Building 9</p><p>Phone: +7 (916) 1482790</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vatazin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2567-125X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант Головина Елена Николаевна</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7(916)1482790</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student Elena Nikolaevna Golovina, MD</p><p>129110 Moscow, 61/2 Shchepkina St., Building 9</p><p>Phone: +7(916)1482790</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Elena_Golovina81@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-7887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulkarnaev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Зулькарнаев Алексей Батыргараевич, д-р мед. наук</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7-916-705-98-99</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Aleksey Batyrgaraevich Zulkarnaev, MD, PhD, DMedSci</p><p>129110, Moscow, Shchepkina St., Building 61/2, Bldg. 9</p><p>Phone: +7-916-705-98-99</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7059899@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Cтарший научный сотрудник Степанов Вадим Анатольевич, канд. мед. наук</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7(916)8757065</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher Vadim Anatolyevich Stepanov, MD, PhD</p><p>129110, Moscow, Shchepkina, 61/2, Building 9</p><p>Phone: +7 (916) 875 7065</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Vedmak_@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-9971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федулкина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedulkina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник Федулкина Вероника Андреевна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7(916)1482790</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher Veronika Andreevna Fedulkina, MD, PhD</p><p>129110, Moscow, Shchepkina St., 61/2, Building 9</p><p>Tel.: +7 (916) 1482 790</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.fedulkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6010-8975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник Артамонова Александра Анатольевна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, корпус 9</p><p>Тел.: +7(916)1482790</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher Alexandra Anatolyevna Artamonova, MD, PhD</p><p>129110, Moscow, Shchepkina St., Building 61/2</p><p>Tel.: +7 (915)065-01-45</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aartamonova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ватазин А.В., Головина Е.Н., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А., Федулкина В.А., Артамонова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ватазин А.В., Головина Е.Н., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А., Федулкина В.А., Артамонова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vatazin A.V., Golovina E.N., Zulkarnaev A.B., Stepanov V.A., Fedulkina V.A., Artamonova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2498">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2498</self-uri><abstract><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Острое повреждение почек (ОПП), сопутствующие заболевания, включая кардиоваскулярные заболевания, сахарный диабет (СД), метаболические нарушения и др., являются факторами, усугубляющими тяжесть течения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Нами проведены обследования 769 пациентов с COVID-19. Во всех случаях новая коронавирусная инфекция протекала в тяжелой форме и сопровождалась органной дисфункцией. Мы оценили частоту ОПП, факторы риска и смертность госпитализированных пациентов с тяжелым течением COVID-19.ЦЕЛЬ. Изучить факторы риска, частоту ОПП, потребность в заместительной почечной терапии (ЗПТ) и летальность среди пациентов с осложненной формой COVID-19.ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследование были включены взрослые пациенты, переведенные в ГБУЗ МО МОНИКИ им.М.Ф.Владимирского из больниц Московской области с тяжелым течением COVID-19 в 2020–2024 гг. Диагноз COVID-19 был подтвержден с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции(ПЦР) образцов из носоглотки. Характеристики пациентов и результаты лабораторных исследований оценивались на основании электронной базы данных.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Анализ полученных результатов свидетельствует, что летальность возрастала по мере прогрессирования степени поражения легких (от 34 % при 2 ст. поражения легких до 76 % при 4 степени) и необходимостью проведения ИВЛ. ОПП зафиксирована почти у половины больных (46 %), но частота ОПП статистически достоверно не возрастала по мере прогрессирования процесса в легких. Чаще всего ОПП отмечено в 3 ст. поражения легких (52 % больных). Пол статистически достоверно не влиял на уровень летальности. Среди умерших было достоверно больше возрастных больных (средний возраст – 56 лет среди выживших и 64,4 года – среди умерших). Необходимость проведения ИВЛ было достоверным фактором риска смерти. Так, летальность среди больных без ИВЛ составила 8,4 %, у больных, которым проводилась ИВЛ, – 91,6 %. Вероятность летального исхода была выше у пациентов с гипертонической болезнью (87 %), ХБП (40,6 %), сахарным диабетом (36 %) и среди больных, получавших ЗПТ (68 %).ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Факторами, отягощающими течение COVID-19, помимо стадии поражения легких, явились сопутствующие кардиоваскулярные заболевания, ХБП и ОПП, метаболические нарушения, возраст и потребность в ЗПТ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BACKGROUND. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic disorders, and other factors exacerbate the severity of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). We studied 769 patients with COVID-19. In all cases, the novel coronavirus infection was severe and accompanied by organ dysfunction. We assessed the incidence of AKI, risk factors, and mortality in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19.THE AIM: to study the risk factors, incidence of AKI, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), and mortality among patients with complicated COVID-19.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included adult patients transferred to the Vladimirsky Regional Clinical Institute from hospitals in the Moscow Region with severe COVID-19 in 2020–2024. The COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of nasopharyngeal samples. Patient characteristics and laboratory test results were assessed using an electronic database.RESULTS. Analysis of the obtained results shows that mortality increased with the progression of lung disease (from 34 % with stage 2 lung disease to 76 % with stage 4) and the need for mechanical ventilation. AKI was observed in almost half of patients (46 %), but the incidence of AKI did not statistically significantly increase with lung disease progression. AKI was most often observed in stage 3 lung disease (52 % of patients). Gender did not statistically significantly affect mortality. Older patients were significantly more likely to die (mean age 56 years among survivors and 64.4 years among deaths). The need for mechanical ventilation was a significant risk factor for death. Thus, the mortality rate among patients without mechanical ventilation was 8.4 %, compared to 91.6 % among those receiving mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was higher in patients with hypertension (87 %), chronic kidney disease (40.6 %), diabetes (36 %), and among patients receiving RRT (68 %).CONCLUSION. In addition to the stage of lung disease, factors aggravating the course of COVID- 19 included comorbid cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, metabolic disorders, age, and the need for RRT.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>острое повреждение почек</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>novel coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>acute kidney injury</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Głowacka M, Lipka S, Młynarska E et al. Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:80–81. doi: 10.3390/ijms22158081</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Głowacka M, Lipka S, Młynarska E et al. 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