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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2026-30-1-81-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EIOLDY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние особенностей фармакогенетики розувастатина и аторвастатина на эффективность и безопасность гиполипидемической терапии у больных высокого и очень высокого кардиоваскулярного риска</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of pharmacogenetics testing on the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin lipid-lowering therapy in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7006-0215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Легостаева</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Legostaeva</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент Легостаева Кристина Владимировна, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой имени академика М.Д. Тушинского </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>Тел.: +79500074959</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Kristina Vladimirovna Legostaeva, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases named after Academician M.D. Tushinsk</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8</p><p>Phone: +79500074959</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marmazetka71@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-2967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Куликов Александр Николаевич, д-р мед. наук, кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с клиникой имени академика М.Д. Тушинского, зав кафедрой, заведующий кафедрой функциональной диагностики, директор научно-клинического исследовательского центра</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Aleksandr Nikolaevich Kulikov MD, PhD, DMedSci, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases named after Academician M.D. Tushinsky, Head of the Department; Department of Functional Diagnostics Head of the Department; Director of the Research and ClinicalCenter</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy str., 6-8</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ankulikov2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0986-5150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусонова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musonova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусонова Анастасия Константиновна, Научно-методический центр МЗ РФ по молекулярной медицине, лаборатория диагностики аутоиммунных заболеваний</p><p>97022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>Тел.: +7(812)9945324</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Konstantinovna Musonova, Scientifi c and Methodological Center for Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for the Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Leo Tolstoy St., 6-8</p><p>Tel.: +7 (812) 9945324</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amusonova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-8790</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник Назаров Владимир Дмитриевич, канд. мед. наук, Научно-методический центр МЗ РФ по молекулярной медицине, лаборатория диагностики аутоиммунных заболеваний</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>Тел.: +79523621417</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher Vladimir Dmitrievich Nazarov MD, PhD, Scientific and Methodological Center for Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for the Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases </p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Leo Tolstoy St., 6-8</p><p>Phone: +79523621417</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nazarov19932@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапин Сергей Владимирович, канд. мед. наук, Научно-методический центр МЗ РФ по молекулярной медицине, лаборатория диагностики аутоиммунных заболеваний, заведующий лабораторией </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>Тел.: +79117083628</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lapin Sergey Vladimirovich, MD, PhD, Scientifi c and Methodological Center for Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for the Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Leo Tolstoy St., 6-8</p><p>Phone: +79117083628</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svlapin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Легостаева К.В., Куликов А.Н., Мусонова А.К., Назаров В.Д., Лапин С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Легостаева К.В., Куликов А.Н., Мусонова А.К., Назаров В.Д., Лапин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Legostaeva K.V., Kulikov A.N., Musonova A.K., Nazarov V.D., Lapin S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2525">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2525</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Атеросклероз – самая частая причина развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, приводящая к ранней инвалидизации и высокой смертности среди населения развитых стран. Контроль липидемии – краеугольный камень профилактики и лечения осложнений атеросклероза. Между тем, приверженность лечению статинами находится на низком уровне. Одна из причин, препятствующих регулярному приему этих лекарств, боязнь побочных эффектов. Безопасность, а возможно и эффективность лечения различными препаратами статинов зависят от генетических особенностей их метаболизма.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: выяснить пользу фармакогенетического исследования при назначении терапии аторвастатином и розувастатином у больных высокого и очень высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проспективное исследование, включающее 2 группы сходных по возрасту, половому составу и кардиоваскулярному риску. Обследуемая группа состояла из 43 пациентов каждая (47,9±10 лет, 67 % мужчин), которым при назначении или коррекции терапии статинами учитывали данные фармакогенетического исследования. Контрольную группу составили 43 пациента (46,9±11 лет, 70 % мужчин), которым назначали статины в соответствии с требованиями клинических рекомендации, но не учитывали генетические особенности метаболизма. Обе группы наблюдали в течение 12 мес с интервалом в 3 мес. В каждой точке оценивали: неблагоприятные сердечно-сосудистые события; факт достижения целевых значений холестерин липопротеинов низкой плотности (ХС ЛПНП), наличие статин-ассоциированных побочных симптомов и приверженность лечению.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Нормальная функция SLCO1B1, ABCG2, CYP2C9 выявлена у 25 пациентов (58,1 %), замедленная функция – у 15 обследуемых (34,8 %), медленный метаболизм розувастатина и аторвастатина – у 3 больных (7,0 %). По частоте достижений целевых значений ХС ЛПНП обследуемая и контрольная группы не различались (p&gt;0,05), удельный вес кардиоваскулярных событий был выше у больных контрольной группы (частота достижения составной конечной точки: 7 % и 20,9 % соответственно). Однако исходная доля этих событий в контроле тоже была выше, что не позволяет сделать однозначных выводов. Статин-ассоциированные мышечные симптомы (САМС) существенно реже отмечались у больных обследуемой группы (1 случай (7 %) против 9 случаев (20,9 %), в контроле, p=0,015), что соответствовало снижению относительного риска на 89 %. Комплаенс к терапии статинами был низким и составил 30 % в обследуемой и 25,6 % в контрольной группах пациентов (p&gt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Фармакогенетическое тестирование пациентов перед назначением статинов позволяет существенно снизить риск развития САМС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases, leading to early disability and high mortality among the population of developed countries. Lipidemia control is the cornerstone of prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis complications. Meanwhile, adherence to statin treatment is critically low. One of the reasons of the low compliance is the fear of side effects. The safety and possibly the effectiveness of treatment with various statin drugs depend on the genetic characteristics of their metabolism.</p></sec><sec><title>THE AIM</title><p>THE AIM: to determine the benefits of pharmacogenetic research in the appointment of therapy with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS. A prospective study involving 2 groups of similar age, gender, and cardiovascular risk. The study group consisted of 43 patients each (47.9±10 years old, 67 % men), for whom pharmacogenetic study data were taken into account when prescribing or correcting statin therapy. The control group consisted of 43 patients (46.9± 11 years old, 70 % men) who were prescribed statins in accordance with the clinical recommendations, but did not take into account the genetic characteristics of metabolism. Both groups were followed for 12 months with an interval of 3 months. At each point, the following items were assessed: adverse cardiovascular events; the fact that LDL-C targets were reached, the presence of statin-associated adverse symptoms, and treatment adherence.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Normal function of SLCO1B1, ABCG2, and CYP2C9 was detected in 25 patients (58.1 %), delayed function in 15 subjects (34.8 %), and slow metabolism of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in 3 patients (7.0 %). The frequency of achievement of LDL-C targets did not differ between the study and control groups (p&gt;0.05), the proportion of cardiovascular events was higher in patients in the control group (the frequency of reaching the composite endpoint: 7 % and 20.9 %, respectively). However, the initial proportion of these events in the control was also higher, which does not allow us to draw unambiguous conclusions. Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) were significantly less common in study group patients than in the control (1 case (7 %) versus 9 cases (20.9 %), p=0.015), which corresponded to an 89 % reduction in relative risk. Compliance with statin therapy was low and amounted to 30 % in the study group and 25.6 % in the control group (p&gt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Pharmacogenetic testing of patients before prescribing statins can significantly reduce the risk of developing ACS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>статины</kwd><kwd>метаболизм статинов</kwd><kwd>статин-ассоциированные мышечные симптомы</kwd><kwd>комплаенс</kwd><kwd>ХС ЛПНП</kwd><kwd>SLCO1B1</kwd><kwd>ABCG2</kwd><kwd>CYP2C9</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>statins</kwd><kwd>statin metabolism</kwd><kwd>statin-associated muscle symptoms</kwd><kwd>compliance</kwd><kwd>LDL-C</kwd><kwd>SLCO1B1</kwd><kwd>ABCG2</kwd><kwd>CYP2C9</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котова ЕГ, Кобякова ОС, Стародубов ВИ и др. Заболеваемость всего населения России в 2022 году: статистические материалы. ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России, М., 2023. 146 с. 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