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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2026-30-1-94-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EOXTFM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Врожденный нефротический синдром финского типа в Республике Беларусь: клиническое наблюдение и анализ молекулярно-генетических особенностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Congenital nephrotic syndrome of the finnish type in the Republic of Belarus: clinical case report and analysis of molecular genetic features</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2777-4212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцкив</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatskiu</surname><given-names>H. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яцкив Анна Андреевна, канд. биол. наук, лаборатория молекулярных основ стабильности генома, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>220072, г. Минск, ул. Академическая, д. 27</p><p>Тел.: 8(017) 3799179</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hanna A. Yatskiu, PhD. in Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genomic Stability</p><p>220072, Minsk, Akademicheskaya st., 27</p><p>Phone: 8(017) 3799179</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.yatskiv@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-2529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белькевич</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bialkevich</surname><given-names>H. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доц. Белькевич Анна Геннадьевна, канд. мед наук,1-я кафедра детских болезней</p><p>220083, г. Минск, пр. Дзержинского, д. 83</p><p>Тел.: 8(017) 3695761</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor Hanna H. Bialkevich, PhD, 1st Department of Pediatrics</p><p>220083, Minsk, Dzerzhinsky Ave., 83</p><p>Phone: 8(017) 3695761</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belka99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1231-3060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитченко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitchenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитченко Наталья Васильевна, лаборатория молекулярных основ стабильности генома, научный сотрудник</p><p>220072, г. Минск, ул. Академическая, д. 27</p><p>Тел.: 8(017) 2511443</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia V. Nikitchenko, Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genomic Stability</p><p>220072, Minsk, Akademicheskaya st., 27</p><p>Phone: 8(017) 2511443</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.nikitchenko@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-445X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козыро</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazyra</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Козыро Инна Александровна, д-р мед. наук, 1-я кафедра детских болезней</p><p>220083, г. Минск, пр. Дзержинского, д. 83</p><p>Тел.: 8(017) 3695761</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor Ina A. Kazyra, DMedSci, 1st Department of Pediatrics</p><p>220083, Minsk, Dzerzhinsky Ave., 83</p><p>Phone: 8(017) 3695761</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozyroia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-7796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф. Гончарова Роза Иосифовна, д-р биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>220072, г. Минск, ул. Академическая, д. 27</p><p>Тел.: 8(017) 3667412</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor Roza I. Goncharova, DSc in Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genomic Stability</p><p>Minsk</p><p>Phone: 8(017) 3667412</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.Goncharova@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт генетики и цитологии НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яцкив А.А., Белькевич А.Г., Никитченко Н.В., Козыро И.А., Гончарова Р.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яцкив А.А., Белькевич А.Г., Никитченко Н.В., Козыро И.А., Гончарова Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yatskiu H.A., Bialkevich H.H., Nikitchenko N.V., Kazyra I.A., Goncharova R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2527">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2527</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Врожденный нефротический синдром (ВНС) – это редкое аутосомно-рецессивное заболевание почек, манифестирующее в течение первых трех месяцев жизни, характеризующееся массивной протеинурией, гипоальбуминемией, гиперхолестеринемией, отеками, стероид-резистентностью и неизбежным прогрессированием до терминальной стадии хронической болезни почек (тХБП). У 85 % детей ВНС имеет моногенную природу.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: представить результаты клинического наблюдения генетически подтвержденного ВНС финского типа в Республике Беларусь.</p></sec><sec><title>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследован мальчик от 1-й беременности, 1-х срочных родов, у которого на 3-и сутки после рождения диагностирована водянка яичек, протеинурия, гипоальбуминемия, сохраняющиеся на фоне проводимой трансфузии 20 % раствора альбумина. При дальнейшем обследовании установлены стойкая артериальная гипертензия и повышение уровня тиреотропного гормона. В возрасте 5 мес выполнена двусторонняя нефрэктомия с последующим проведением различных вариантов заместительной почечной терапии (перитонеальный диализ, гемодиализ и аллотрансплантация почки от умершего донора). Молекулярно-генетическое исследование выявило 2 мутации в гене NPHS1 в компаунд-гетерозиготе.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Мутации в гене NPHS1 ассоциированы с ВНС финского типа (Nephrotic syndrome, type 1, OMIM 256300). Выявленные варианты NM_004646: exon18:c.2335-1G&gt;A и NM_004646:exon8:c. C847T:p.Q283* отличаются от характерных финских мутаций Fin-major и Fin-minor и находятся в трансположении. У пациента также обнаружена гомозигота p.R229Q по полиморфному локусу rs61747728 гена NPHS2. Результаты морфологического исследования удаленных почек установили изменения, характерные для ВНС финского типа.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. В представленном клиническом наблюдении у ребенка с мутациями гена NPHS1 в компаунд-гетерозиготе и наличием гомозиготы по редкому полиморфному варианту гена NPHS2 наблюдалось тяжелое течение ВНС финского типа с быстрым прогрессированием до тХБП. Молекулярно-генетическое тестирование позволило подтвердить диагноз ВНС финского типа и избежать назначения иммуносупрессивной терапии. Кроме того, результаты молекулярногенетического анализа родителей стоит принимать во внимание в случае планирования будущей беременности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a rare autosomal recessive kidney disorder that manifests within the first three months of life. It is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, edema, steroid resistance and inevitable progression to end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESCKD). In 85 % of cases CNS is a monogenic disease.</p></sec><sec><title>THE AIM</title><p>THE AIM: To present a clinical case of genetically confirmed CNS of the Finnish type in the Republic of Belarus.</p></sec><sec><title>PATIENTS AND METHODS</title><p>PATIENTS AND METHODS. A male infant from the first pregnancy and first full-term birth was examined. On the third day after birth testicular hydrocele, proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia were diagnosed and persisted despite transfusions of 20 % albumin solution. Further examination revealed persistent arterial hypertension and elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone. At the age of 5 months bilateral nephrectomy was performed, followed by various forms of renal replacement therapy (peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation from a deceased donor). Molecular genetic testing identified two mutations in the NPHS1 gene in a compound heterozygote.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Mutations of the NPHS1 gene are associated with CNS of the Finnish type (Nephrotic syndrome, type 1, OMIM 256300). The identified variants NM_004646: exon18:c.2335-1G&gt;A and NM_004646:exon8:c.C847T:p.Q283* differ from the ‘Finnish mutations’ Fin-major and Fin-minor and are in trans. The patient was also found to be homozygous for the p.R229Q polymorphism at locus rs61747728 of the NPHS2 gene. Morphological examination of the nephrectomy materials revealed changes characteristic of CNS of the Finnish type.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. In this clinical case a child with compound heterozygous mutation in the NPHS1 gene and a homozygous rare polymorphic variant in the NPHS2 gene exhibited a severe course of CNS of the Finnish type with rapid progression to ESCKD. Molecular genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of CNS of the Finnish type and allowed avoiding the administration of immunosuppressive therapy. Additionally, the results of molecular genetic analysis of the parents should be taken into account when planning future pregnancies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный нефротический синдром финского типа</kwd><kwd>нефрин</kwd><kwd>подоцин</kwd><kwd>протеинурия</kwd><kwd>NPHS1</kwd><kwd>NPHS2</kwd><kwd>мутация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type</kwd><kwd>nephrin</kwd><kwd>podocin</kwd><kwd>proteinuria</kwd><kwd>NPHS1</kwd><kwd>NPHS2</kwd><kwd>mutation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках научно-исследовательской работы 2.2.4 «Мутации генов нефрина и подоцина при нефротическом синдроме у детского населения Республики Беларусь» подпрограммы «Геномика, эпигеномика, биоинформатика» ГПНИ «Биотехнологии-2» (2021–2023 гг.).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted as part of the research project 2.2.4 "Mutations of the nephrin and podocin genes in nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric population of the Republic of Belarus" (subprogram "Genomics, Epigenomics, Bioinformatics" of the State Research Program "Biotechnologies-2", 2021–2023).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma J, Saha A, Ohri A et al. 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