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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36485/1561-6274-2026-30-2-96-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JQBRTS</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-2581</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Уромодулин как фактор защиты почек при остром оксалатном уролитиазе: дозозависимая модель на мышах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Uromodulin as a kidney protective factor in acute oxalate urolithiasis: a dose-dependent mouse model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-0701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верлов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Verlov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Verlov, PhD, Head of Resource Center of the Molecular and Radiation Biophysics Division</p><p>188300, Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">verlov_na@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-7367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурдаков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burdakov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher Vladimir S. Burdakov, staff scientist of the Molecular and Radiation Biophysics Division</p><p>188300, Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burdakov_vs@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0812-115X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антышева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antysheva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taisiya A. Antysheva</p><p>188300, Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antysheva_ta@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3341-4344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher Lyubov A. Ivanova, staff scientist of the Molecular and Radiation Biophysics Division</p><p>188300, Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanova_la@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-1187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметдинова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametdinova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior laboratory assistant Darya V. Mukhametdinova</p><p>188300, Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mukhametdinova_dv@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5546-250X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ланда</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Landa</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey B. Landa, PhD, senior researcher of the Molecular and Radiation Biophysics Division</p><p>188300,  Leningradskaya oblast, Gatchina 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">landa_sb@pnpi.nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0164-4832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дюсупова</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyussupova</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina Dyussupova, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics with a course in Molecular Medicine, Research and Methodological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Autoimmune Disease Diagnostics</p><p>197022, Saint Petersburg, 6–8D Lev Tolstoy St., Bldg. 11</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.dyussupova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-0439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эмануэль</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emanuel</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor Vladimir L. Emanuel, MD, PhD, DMedSci, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics with a course in Molecular Medicine, Head of the Department</p><p>197022, Saint Petersburg, 6–8D Lev Tolstoy St., Bldg. 11</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimirem1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Петербургский институт ядерной физики им. Б.П. Константинова Национального исследовательского центра «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P.Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Верлов Н.А., Бурдаков В.С., Антышева Т.А., Иванова Л.А., Мухаметдинова Д.В., Ланда С.Б., Дюсупова К., Эмануэль В.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Верлов Н.А., Бурдаков В.С., Антышева Т.А., Иванова Л.А., Мухаметдинова Д.В., Ланда С.Б., Дюсупова К., Эмануэль В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Verlov N.A., Burdakov V.S., Antysheva T.A., Ivanova L.A., Mukhametdinova D.V., Landa S.B., Dyussupova K., Emanuel V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2581">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/2581</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Уролитиаз является распространённой урологической патологией с высокой частотой рецидивов. Экспериментальные модели на грызунах основной инструмент изучения патогенеза камнеобразования и поиска терапевтических мишеней.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p> ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Разработать модели острого оксалатного уролитиаза у мышей ICR и оценить роль уромодулина (UMO) в защите почек от кристалл-индуцированного повреждения.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ . Исследование выполнено на 18 самцах мышей линии ICR (CD 1). Мышам внутрибрюшинно вводили оксалат натрия в двух дозах: 2,5 мг/100 г массы тела (NaOx L) и 5 мг/100 г массы тела (NaOx H). В эксперименте оценивали биохимические показатели крови, скорость клубочковой фильтрации по клиренсу FITC инулина, коллоидный состав мочи, экскрецию UMO и ионов с мочой, морфологию осадка и внутренних органов.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Высокая доза индуктора патологии вызывала тяжёлую острую нефропатию с выраженной азотемией, снижением СКФ, накоплением крупных CaOx содержащих наночастиц и глубоким тубулоинтерстициальным повреждением. Доза 2,5 мг/100 г массы тела формировала более мягкое, в целом, компенсированное повреждение с транзиторным пиком кристаллурии. В этой группе динамика экскреции UMO и коллоидного профиля мочи наиболее убедительно продемонстрировала его нефропротективную и антикристаллогенную роль.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Разработанная двухдозовая модель острого Oxуролитиаза у мышей позволяет дифференцированно изучать тяжёлое кристалл-индуцированное повреждение почек (5 мг/100 г) и механизмы эффективного клиренса кристаллов с участием UMO (2,5 мг/100 г), что создаёт основу для молекулярно-генетических исследований на трансгенных и нокаутных линиях мышей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION . Urolithiasis is a common urological pathology with a high recurrence rate. Experimental models on rodents are the main tool for studying the pathogenesis of stone formation and the search for therapeutic targets.</p></sec><sec><title>THE AIM</title><p>THE AIM: To develop models of acute oxalate urolithiasis in ICR mice and evaluate the role of uromodulin (UMO) in protecting the kidneys from crystal-induced damage.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was performed on 18 male ICR mice (CD 1). Mice were intraperitoneally injected with sodium oxalate in two doses: 2.5 mg/100 g body weight (NaOx L) and 5 mg/100 g body weight (NaOx H). The biochemical parameters of blood, glomerular filtration rate by FITC inulin clearance, colloidal composition of urine, urinary excretion of UMO and ions, morphology of sediment and internal organs were evaluated in the experiment.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS . A high dose of the pathology inducer caused severe acute nephropathy with pronounced azotemia, decreased GFR, accumulation of large CaOx containing nanoparticles, and deep tubulointerstitial damage. A dose of 2.5 mg/100 g of body weight formed a milder, generally compensated lesion with a transient peak of crystalluria. In this group, the dynamics of urinary UMO excretion and colloidal profile most convincingly demonstrated its nephroprotective and anti-crystallogenic role.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. The developed two-dose model of acute Ox urolithiasis in mice allows differentiated study of severe crystal-induced kidney damage (5 mg/100 g) and mechanisms of effective crystal clearance with the participation of UMO (2.5 mg/100 g), which creates the basis for molecular genetic studies on transgenic and knockout lines of mice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый оксалатный уролитиаз</kwd><kwd>оксалат натрия</kwd><kwd>мыши</kwd><kwd>уромодулин</kwd><kwd>анализ треков наночастиц</kwd><kwd>скорость клубочковой фильтрации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute oxalate urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>sodium oxalate</kwd><kwd>mice</kwd><kwd>uromodulin</kwd><kwd>nanoparticle track analysis</kwd><kwd>glomerular filtration rate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilbault H, Haymann JP. 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