<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2017-3-18-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>CAKUT – СИНДРОМ У ДЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CAKUT – SYNDROME IN CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутырло</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutyrlo</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра факультетской педиатрии,</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of faculty Pediatrics,</p><p>194100, St-Petersburg, Litovskaya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kutyrloirina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савенкова</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savenkova</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф., д.м.н., зав.каф. факультетской педиатрии,</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DMedSci, Department of faculty Pediatrics,</p><p>194100, St-Petersburg, Litovskaya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Savenkova.n.spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pediatric State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кутырло И.Э., Савенкова Н.Д., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кутырло И.Э., Савенкова Н.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kutyrlo I.E., Savenkova N.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/260">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/260</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы представлены данные отечественных и зарубежных авторов о терминологии, частоте, структуре, особенностях течения и исхода CAKUT – синдрома у детей и подростков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review of literature presents the data of domestic and foreign authors about terminology, frequency, structure, characteristics of course and outcome of CAKUT - syndrome in children and adolescents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CAKUT-синдром</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CAKUT –syndrome</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ингелфингер Д, Калантар-Заде К, Шефер Ф. Всемирный день почки 2016. Сосредоточимвнимание на периоде детства, предотвратим последствия заболеваний почек. Нефрология 2016; 20: 10–17 [Ingelfinger D, Kalantar-Zade K, SHefer F. Vsemirnyj den pochki 2016. Sosredotochimvnimanie na periode detstva predotvratim posledstviya zabolevanij pochek. Nefrologiya. 2016; 20: 10-17]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ингелфингер Д, Калантар-Заде К, Шефер Ф. Всемирный день почки 2016. Сосредоточимвнимание на периоде детства, предотвратим последствия заболеваний почек. Нефрология 2016; 20: 10–17 [Ingelfinger D, Kalantar-Zade K, SHefer F. Vsemirnyj den pochki 2016. Sosredotochimvnimanie na periode detstva predotvratim posledstviya zabolevanij pochek. Nefrologiya. 2016; 20: 10-17]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лысова ЕВ, Савенкова НД. Частота CAKUT-синдрома в этиологической структуре хронической болезни почек у детей и подростков. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2016; 61: 212-213 [Lysova EV, Savenkova ND. Chastota CAKUT-sindroma v ehtiologicheskoj strukture hronicheskoj bolezni pochek u detej i podrostkov. Rossijskij vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 2016; 61: 212-213]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лысова ЕВ, Савенкова НД. Частота CAKUT-синдрома в этиологической структуре хронической болезни почек у детей и подростков. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2016; 61: 212-213 [Lysova EV, Savenkova ND. Chastota CAKUT-sindroma v ehtiologicheskoj strukture hronicheskoj bolezni pochek u detej i podrostkov. Rossijskij vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 2016; 61: 212-213]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yerkes E, Nishimura H. Role of angiotensin in the congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in the mouse and the human. Kidney Int 1998; 67: 75–77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yerkes E, Nishimura H. Role of angiotensin in the congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in the mouse and the human. Kidney Int 1998; 67: 75–77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsten Y. Renkema, Paul J. Winyard, Ilya N. Skovorodkin et al. Novel perspectives for investigating congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). OxfordJournalsMedicine&amp;Health, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2011; 26: 3843-3851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsten Y. Renkema, Paul J. Winyard, Ilya N. Skovorodkin et al. Novel perspectives for investigating congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). OxfordJournalsMedicine&amp;Health, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2011; 26: 3843-3851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пытель АЯ, Голигорский СД. Избранные главы нефрологии и урологии. Часть 1. Л.: Медицина, 1968: 312 [Pytel AYa, Goligorskij SD. Izbrannye glavy nefrologii I urologii. Chast 1. L.: Medicina 1968: 312]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пытель АЯ, Голигорский СД. Избранные главы нефрологии и урологии. Часть 1. Л.: Медицина, 1968: 312 [Pytel AYa, Goligorskij SD. Izbrannye glavy nefrologii I urologii. Chast 1. L.: Medicina 1968: 312]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsten Y. Renkema, Paul J. Winyard, Ilya N. Skovorodkin et al. Novel perspectives for investigating congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Oxford JournalsMedicine &amp; Health, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2011; 26: 3843-3851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsten Y. Renkema, Paul J. Winyard, Ilya N. Skovorodkin et al. Novel perspectives for investigating congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Oxford JournalsMedicine &amp; Health, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2011; 26: 3843-3851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Виор МП, Сантос Ф. Нормальное и патологическое развитие почек. В кн.: Детская нефрология. Под ред. Лойманна Э, Цыгина АН, Саркисяна АА. М.: Литтера. 2010; 23–27 [Vior MP, Santos F. Normalnoe i patologicheskoe razvitie pochek. V kn: Detskaya nefrologiya. Pod red. Lojmanna E, Cygina AN, Sarkisyana AA. M: Littera. 2010; 23-27]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Виор МП, Сантос Ф. Нормальное и патологическое развитие почек. В кн.: Детская нефрология. Под ред. Лойманна Э, Цыгина АН, Саркисяна АА. М.: Литтера. 2010; 23–27 [Vior MP, Santos F. Normalnoe i patologicheskoe razvitie pochek. V kn: Detskaya nefrologiya. Pod red. Lojmanna E, Cygina AN, Sarkisyana AA. M: Littera. 2010; 23-27]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Renkema KJ, Winyard PY, Skovorodkin IN, et al. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol Dual Transplant 2012; 8 (12): 3842–3851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renkema KJ, Winyard PY, Skovorodkin IN, et al. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol Dual Transplant 2012; 8 (12): 3842–3851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Игнатова МС. Дизэмбиогенез органов мочевой системы и нефропатии. Детская нефрология. Под ред. М.С. Игнатовой, 2011; 10–15 [Ignatova M. S. Dizehmbiogenez organov mochevoj sistemy i nefropatii. Detskaya nefrologiya. Pod red. M. S. Ignatovoj. 2011; 10 -15]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Игнатова МС. Дизэмбиогенез органов мочевой системы и нефропатии. Детская нефрология. Под ред. М.С. Игнатовой, 2011; 10–15 [Ignatova M. S. Dizehmbiogenez organov mochevoj sistemy i nefropatii. Detskaya nefrologiya. Pod red. M. S. Ignatovoj. 2011; 10 -15]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Папаян АВ, Осипов ИБ, Валькович ЭИ, Левандовский АБ. Врождённые пороки развития органов мочевой системы. В кн.: Клиническая нефрология детского возраста. Под редакцией Папаяна АВ, Савенковой НД. СПб: «Санкт-Петербург. Левша» 2008; 108–121 [Papayan AV, Osipov IB, Valkovich EI, Levandovskiy AB. VrozhdYonnyie poroki razvitiya organov mochevoy sistemyi. V kn.: Klinicheskaya nefrologiya detskogo vozrasta. Pod redaktsiey Papayana AV, Savenkovoy ND. SPb: «Sankt-Peterburg. Levsha», 2008; 108–121]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Папаян АВ, Осипов ИБ, Валькович ЭИ, Левандовский АБ. Врождённые пороки развития органов мочевой системы. В кн.: Клиническая нефрология детского возраста. Под редакцией Папаяна АВ, Савенковой НД. СПб: «Санкт-Петербург. Левша» 2008; 108–121 [Papayan AV, Osipov IB, Valkovich EI, Levandovskiy AB. VrozhdYonnyie poroki razvitiya organov mochevoy sistemyi. V kn.: Klinicheskaya nefrologiya detskogo vozrasta. Pod redaktsiey Papayana AV, Savenkovoy ND. SPb: «Sankt-Peterburg. Levsha», 2008; 108–121]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лопаткин НА. Аномалии развития почек, мочевых путей и мужских половых органов. В кн.: Урология, Москва «Медицина» 2013; 147–210 [Lopatkin NA. Anomalii razvitiya pochek, mochevyih putey i muzhskih polovyih organov. V kn.: Urologiya, Moskva «Meditsina» 2013; 147 – 210]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лопаткин НА. Аномалии развития почек, мочевых путей и мужских половых органов. В кн.: Урология, Москва «Медицина» 2013; 147–210 [Lopatkin NA. Anomalii razvitiya pochek, mochevyih putey i muzhskih polovyih organov. V kn.: Urologiya, Moskva «Meditsina» 2013; 147 – 210]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреева ЭФ, Савенкова НД. Кистозные болезни почек у детей. Издание СПбГПМУ 2012; 3–5 [Andreeva EF, Savenkova ND. Kistoznyie bolezni pochek u detey. Izdanie SPbGPMU 2012; 3–5]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Андреева ЭФ, Савенкова НД. Кистозные болезни почек у детей. Издание СПбГПМУ 2012; 3–5 [Andreeva EF, Savenkova ND. Kistoznyie bolezni pochek u detey. Izdanie SPbGPMU 2012; 3–5]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Renkema KJ, Winpred PJ, Scovorodkin IN et al. Nonel Perspectives for undestending congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract(CAKUT). Nephrol Dial Transplant Dec., 2011; 26(14): 3841–3851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renkema KJ, Winpred PJ, Scovorodkin IN et al. Nonel Perspectives for undestending congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract(CAKUT). Nephrol Dial Transplant Dec., 2011; 26(14): 3841–3851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cordell H, Darlay R, Charoen P et al. Whole-Genome Linkage and Association Scan in Primary, Nonsynndromatic Vesicoureteral Reflux. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21 (1): 113–123</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cordell H, Darlay R, Charoen P et al. Whole-Genome Linkage and Association Scan in Primary, Nonsynndromatic Vesicoureteral Reflux. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21 (1): 113–123</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenblum D. 11 International workshop in developmental nephrology. PediatrNephrol 2011; 26: 1163–1164</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenblum D. 11 International workshop in developmental nephrology. PediatrNephrol 2011; 26: 1163–1164</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">K/DOOQ, Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation Classification Stratification. A J K D 2002; 39 (2 Suppl. 1): 1–266</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">K/DOOQ, Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation Classification Stratification. A J K D 2002; 39 (2 Suppl. 1): 1–266</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nicolaou N, Renkema KY, Bongers EM et al. Genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors involved in CAKUT. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015;11(12):720-731</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nicolaou N, Renkema KY, Bongers EM et al. Genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors involved in CAKUT. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015;11(12):720-731</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toka HR, Toka O, Hariri A, Nguyen HT. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. SeminNephrol. 2010;30(4):374-86</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toka HR, Toka O, Hariri A, Nguyen HT. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. SeminNephrol. 2010;30(4):374-86</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vosypiv I.V. Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and urinary tract: Genetic Disorder? Int J Nephrology 2012;909–913</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vosypiv I.V. Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and urinary tract: Genetic Disorder? Int J Nephrology 2012;909–913</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fletcher J, McDonald S, Alexander SI. Australian and New Zealand Pediatric Nephrology Association (ANZPNA) Prevalence of genetic renal disease in children. PediatrNephrol 2013;28(2):251-256</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fletcher J, McDonald S, Alexander SI. Australian and New Zealand Pediatric Nephrology Association (ANZPNA) Prevalence of genetic renal disease in children. PediatrNephrol 2013;28(2):251-256</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stoll C, Dott B, Alembik Y, Roth MP. Associated nonurinary congenital anomalies among infants with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Eur J Med Genet 2014;57(7):322-328</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoll C, Dott B, Alembik Y, Roth MP. Associated nonurinary congenital anomalies among infants with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Eur J Med Genet 2014;57(7):322-328</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danziger P, Berman DR, Luckritz K et al. Severe congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: epidemiology can inform ethical decision-making. Journal of Perinatology 2016; 36: 954-959</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danziger P, Berman DR, Luckritz K et al. Severe congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: epidemiology can inform ethical decision-making. Journal of Perinatology 2016; 36: 954-959</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohl S, Hwang DY, Dworschak GC et al. Mild recessive mutations in six Fraser syndrome-related genes cause isolated congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. J Am SocNephrol 2014;25(9):1917-1922</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohl S, Hwang DY, Dworschak GC et al. Mild recessive mutations in six Fraser syndrome-related genes cause isolated congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. J Am SocNephrol 2014;25(9):1917-1922</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Winyard P, Chitty LS. Dysplastic kidneys. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2008;13:142-151</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Winyard P, Chitty LS. Dysplastic kidneys. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2008;13:142-151</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Woolf AS, Price KL, Scambler PJ et al. Evolving concepts in human renal dysplasia.J Am SocNephrol 2004;15:998-1007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Woolf AS, Price KL, Scambler PJ et al. Evolving concepts in human renal dysplasia.J Am SocNephrol 2004;15:998-1007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toka HR, Toka O, Hariri A, Nguyen HT. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. Semin Nephrol 2010;30(4):374-386</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toka HR, Toka O, Hariri A, Nguyen HT. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. Semin Nephrol 2010;30(4):374-386</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asinobi AO, Ademola AD, Ogunkunle OO, Mott SA. Paediatric end-stage renal disease in a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria.BMC Nephrol 2014;15-25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asinobi AO, Ademola AD, Ogunkunle OO, Mott SA. Paediatric end-stage renal disease in a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria.BMC Nephrol 2014;15-25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsten Y. Renkema, PhD, Marianne C. Verhaar, MD, PhD, Nine V.A.M. Knoers, MD, PhD. University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Diabetes-Induced Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT): Nurture and Nature at Work? American Journal of Kidney diseases 2015; 6: 644–646</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsten Y. Renkema, PhD, Marianne C. Verhaar, MD, PhD, Nine V.A.M. Knoers, MD, PhD. University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Diabetes-Induced Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT): Nurture and Nature at Work? American Journal of Kidney diseases 2015; 6: 644–646</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левиашвили ЖГ, Савенкова НД, Аничкова ИВ. Особенности патологии почек у детей с Lowe синдромом. Нефрология 2015; 19 (6): 53–60 [Leviashvili ZhG, Savenkova ND, Anichkova IV. Оsobennosti patologii pochek u detey s Lowe sindromom. Nefrologiya 2015; 19 (6): 53–60]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Левиашвили ЖГ, Савенкова НД, Аничкова ИВ. Особенности патологии почек у детей с Lowe синдромом. Нефрология 2015; 19 (6): 53–60 [Leviashvili ZhG, Savenkova ND, Anichkova IV. Оsobennosti patologii pochek u detey s Lowe sindromom. Nefrologiya 2015; 19 (6): 53–60]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schedl A. Renal abnormalities and their developmental origin. Nat Rev Genet 2007;8:791-802</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schedl A. Renal abnormalities and their developmental origin. Nat Rev Genet 2007;8:791-802</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Dahr SS, Harrison-Bernard LM, Dipp S et al. Bradykinin B2 null mice are prone to renal dysplasia: gene-environment interactions in kidney development. Physiol Genomics 2000;3:121-131</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Dahr SS, Harrison-Bernard LM, Dipp S et al. Bradykinin B2 null mice are prone to renal dysplasia: gene-environment interactions in kidney development. Physiol Genomics 2000;3:121-131</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwaderer AL, Bates CM, McHugh KM et al. Renal anomalies in family members of infants with bilateral renal agenesis/adysplasia. PediatrNephrol 2007;22:52-56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwaderer AL, Bates CM, McHugh KM et al. Renal anomalies in family members of infants with bilateral renal agenesis/adysplasia. PediatrNephrol 2007;22:52-56</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валькович Э.И. Эмбриональное развитие почек человека. В кн.: Клиническая нефрология детского возраста. Под редакцией Папаяна АВ, Савенковой НД. СПб: Левша. 2008; 102–108 [Valkovich EI. Embrionalnoe razvitie pochek cheloveka. V kn.: Klinicheskaya nefrologiya detskogo vozrasta. Pod redaktsiey Papayana AV, Savenkovoy ND. SPb: Levsha. 2008; 102 – 108]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Валькович Э.И. Эмбриональное развитие почек человека. В кн.: Клиническая нефрология детского возраста. Под редакцией Папаяна АВ, Савенковой НД. СПб: Левша. 2008; 102–108 [Valkovich EI. Embrionalnoe razvitie pochek cheloveka. V kn.: Klinicheskaya nefrologiya detskogo vozrasta. Pod redaktsiey Papayana AV, Savenkovoy ND. SPb: Levsha. 2008; 102 – 108]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uetani N, Bouchard M. Plumbing in the embryo: developmental defects of the urinary tracts. Clin Genet 2009;75:307-317</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uetani N, Bouchard M. Plumbing in the embryo: developmental defects of the urinary tracts. Clin Genet 2009;75:307-317</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toka HR, Toka O, Harin A et al Congenital anomalies of kidney and urnary tract. Seminnephrol 2010; 30(4): 374–388</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toka HR, Toka O, Harin A et al Congenital anomalies of kidney and urnary tract. Seminnephrol 2010; 30(4): 374–388</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song R, Vosypin IV. Genetic of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26(3): 353–364</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song R, Vosypin IV. Genetic of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26(3): 353–364</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohl S, Chen J, Vivante A et al. Targeted sequencing of 96 renal developmental microRNAs in 1213 individuals from 980 families with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016; 0: 1–4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohl S, Chen J, Vivante A et al. Targeted sequencing of 96 renal developmental microRNAs in 1213 individuals from 980 families with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016; 0: 1–4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Игнатова МС, Длин ВВ, Новиков ПВ. Генетика в развитии CAKUT-синдрома. В кн.: Наследственные болезни органов мочевой системы у детей. Москва: Оверлей. 2014; 223–229 [Ignatova M.S., Dlin V.V., Novikov P.V. Genetika v razvitii CAKUT-sindroma. V kn.: Nasledstvennyie bolezni organov mochevoy sistemyi u detey Moskva: Overley. 2014; 223–229]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Игнатова МС, Длин ВВ, Новиков ПВ. Генетика в развитии CAKUT-синдрома. В кн.: Наследственные болезни органов мочевой системы у детей. Москва: Оверлей. 2014; 223–229 [Ignatova M.S., Dlin V.V., Novikov P.V. Genetika v razvitii CAKUT-sindroma. V kn.: Nasledstvennyie bolezni organov mochevoy sistemyi u detey Moskva: Overley. 2014; 223–229]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Renkema KJ, Winpred PJ, Scovorodkin IN et al. Nonel Perspectives for undestending congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol dial Transplant 2011; 26(14): 3841–3851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renkema KJ, Winpred PJ, Scovorodkin IN et al. Nonel Perspectives for undestending congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol dial Transplant 2011; 26(14): 3841–3851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harambat J, van Stalen KJ, Kim JJ et al. Epidemiology of chronic kidney diseases. Pediatr Nephrol 2012; 27(3): 363–373</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harambat J, van Stalen KJ, Kim JJ et al. Epidemiology of chronic kidney diseases. Pediatr Nephrol 2012; 27(3): 363–373</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cain J, Rosenblum ND. Control of mammalian kidney development by the Helgehog signaling pathway. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26: 1365–1371</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cain J, Rosenblum ND. Control of mammalian kidney development by the Helgehog signaling pathway. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26: 1365–1371</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Погодаева ТВ, Лучанинова ВН. Прогнозирование формирования заболеваний почек у плода и новорожденного. Росс Вестн перинатологии и педиатрии 2012;57 4(1):75–80 [Pogodaeva TV, Luchaninova VN. Prognozirovanie formirovaniya zabolevaniy pochek u ploda i novorozhdennogo. Ross. Vest. perinatologii i pediatrii. 2012;57 4(1):75–80]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Погодаева ТВ, Лучанинова ВН. Прогнозирование формирования заболеваний почек у плода и новорожденного. Росс Вестн перинатологии и педиатрии 2012;57 4(1):75–80 [Pogodaeva TV, Luchaninova VN. Prognozirovanie formirovaniya zabolevaniy pochek u ploda i novorozhdennogo. Ross. Vest. perinatologii i pediatrii. 2012;57 4(1):75–80]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stewart K, Bouchard M. Kidney and urinary tract development: an apoptotic balancing act. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:1419–1425</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stewart K, Bouchard M. Kidney and urinary tract development: an apoptotic balancing act. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:1419–1425</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saiawat P, Tasic V, Vega-Warner V et al. Identification of two novel CAKUT – causing genes by massively parallel exon resequencing of candidate genes in patients unilateral renal agenesis. Kidney Int 2012; 8(2):196–200</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saiawat P, Tasic V, Vega-Warner V et al. Identification of two novel CAKUT – causing genes by massively parallel exon resequencing of candidate genes in patients unilateral renal agenesis. Kidney Int 2012; 8(2):196–200</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavlakis E, Chotaki R, Chalipakis G. The role of FRAS1/ FREM proteins in the structure and function of basement membrane. Inf J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 43(4):497–495</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlakis E, Chotaki R, Chalipakis G. The role of FRAS1/ FREM proteins in the structure and function of basement membrane. Inf J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 43(4):497–495</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cordell H, Darlay R, Charoen P et al. Whole-Genome Linkage and Associati0on Scan in Primary,Nonsynndromatic Vesicoureteral Reflux. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21(1):113–123</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cordell H, Darlay R, Charoen P et al. Whole-Genome Linkage and Associati0on Scan in Primary,Nonsynndromatic Vesicoureteral Reflux. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 21(1):113–123</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brockschmidt A, Chung B, Weber S et al. CHD1L – the new candidate gene for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27(6):2355–2364</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brockschmidt A, Chung B, Weber S et al. CHD1L – the new candidate gene for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27(6):2355–2364</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boualia SK, Gartan Y, Murawski I et al. Vesicoureter Reflux and Other Urinary Tract Malformation in Mice Compaund Heterozygous for PAX2 and EMX2. PRoS One 2011;6(6):e21529.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boualia SK, Gartan Y, Murawski I et al. Vesicoureter Reflux and Other Urinary Tract Malformation in Mice Compaund Heterozygous for PAX2 and EMX2. PRoS One 2011;6(6):e21529.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Negrisolo S, Centi S, Benetti E et al. SIX1 gene: absence of mutations in children with isolated congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. J Nephrol 2014; 27(6):667-671</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Negrisolo S, Centi S, Benetti E et al. SIX1 gene: absence of mutations in children with isolated congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. J Nephrol 2014; 27(6):667-671</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohl S, Hwang DY, Dworschak GC et al. Mild recessive mutations in six Fraser syndrome-related genes cause isolated congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. J Am SocNephrol 2014;25(9):1917-22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohl S, Hwang DY, Dworschak GC et al. Mild recessive mutations in six Fraser syndrome-related genes cause isolated congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. J Am SocNephrol 2014;25(9):1917-22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
