THE AIM. To assess the effect of antioxidant therapy on renal structure in rats with experimentally induced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In rats with experimentally induced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis evaluated structural changes in renal medulla, particularly the distribution of calcium compounds and their size. The oxidative damage (malonic dialdehyde) and antioxidant (mitochondrial superoxide dismutase) markers expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS. There are picture of pathohistological restructuring of the renal tissue. Calcium compounds in the tubular system and interstitial space was noted. The morphological signs of activation of oxidative stress and the weakening of the antioxidant defense took place. In a-tocopherol use as antioxidant therapy was noted a certain reduction of expression of the structural adjustment renal oxidative damage to tissues and cells and maintaining a system of enzymatic antioxidant defense. CONCLUSION. Thus, the use of antioxidants has a beneficial effect on morphological structural restructuring kidney in animals with induced nephrolithiasis.