<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2012-16-2-16-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-577</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АТИПИЧНЫЙ ГЕМОЛИТИКО-УРЕМИЧЕСКИЙ СИНДРОМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лора</surname><given-names>Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loirat</surname><given-names>Ch.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение детской нефрологии</p><p>Chantal Loirat. Pediatric Nephrology Department; Paris</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chantal Loirat. Pediatric Nephrology Department; Paris</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chantal.loirat@rdb.aphp.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фремю-Бачи</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frémeaux-Bacchi</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение биологической иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Véronique Frémeaux-Bacchi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Перевод с английского</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Translated from English</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Служба общественного здравоохранения Парижа, госпиталь им. Роберта Дебре, университет Парижа VII</institution><country>France</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Служба общественного здравоохранения Парижа, Европейский госпиталь им. Жоржа Помпиду</institution><country>France</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лора Ш., Фремю-Бачи В., Воронкова Е.В., 2012</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лора Ш., Фремю-Бачи В., Воронкова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Loirat C., Frémeaux-Bacchi V., Voronkova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/577">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/577</self-uri><abstract><p>Гемолитико-уремический синдром (ГУС) характеризуется триадой, представленной механической гемолитической анемией, тромбоцитопенией и почечной недостаточностью. Атипичным ГУС (аГУС) считается ГУС, не связанный с действием Шига-токсина, и хотя ряд авторов выделяют вторичный аГУС, обусловленный S. pneumoniae или другими причинами, аГУС представляет собой первичное заболевание, обусловленное нарушением регуляции альтернативного пути активации комплемента. Среди случаев ГУС у детей только 5–10% можно отнести к атипичным, тогда как у взрослых атипичными являются подавляющее число случаев ГУС. Частота встречаемости комплемент-зависимого аГУС на сегодняшний день точно неизвестна. Тем не менее, сообщается более чем о 1000 пациентах с аГУС, обследованных на наличие нарушений системы комплемента. Развитие заболевания возможно от неонатального периода и до взрослого возраста. У большинства пациентов аГУС манифестирует гемолитической анемией, тромбоцитопенией и почечной недостаточностью, и у 20% отмечаются внепочечные проявления. От 2 до 10% больных умирают, у одной трети пациентов развивается терминальная почечная недостаточность при первой атаке. У половины пациентов отмечаются рецидивы заболевания. Обнаружено наличие мутаций генов, кодирующих регуляторные белки системы комплемента, фактора Н, мембранного кофакторного белка (MCP), фактора I и тромбомодулина, у 20–30, 5–15, 4–10 и 3–5% соответственно и мутации генов кодирующих белки С3-конвертазы, С3 и фактора В – у 2–10% и 1–4%. Кроме того, у 6–10% пациентов выявляются антитела к фактору Н. Критериями постановки диагноза аГУС являются: 1) отсутствие ассоциированного заболевания; 2) отсутствие критериев ГУС, связанного с Шига-токсином (посев кала и ПЦР на Шига-токсины; серология на антилипополисахаридные антитела); 3) отсутствие критериев тромботической тромбоцитопенической пурпуры (активность ADAMTS13 сыворотки больше 10%). Необходимо исследование системы комплемента (С3,С4, концентрации в плазме фактора Н и фактора I, экспрессии на лейкоцитах MCP и антител к фактору Н; генетический скрининг факторов риска). При анализе родословных, по крайней мере, у 20% заболевание имело наследственный характер с аутосомно-рецессивным или доминатным путем наследования. В связи с тем, что пенетрантность заболевания составляет 50%, генетическое консультирование крайне затруднено. До настоящего времени терапией первой линии является плазмотерапия, при отсутствии бесспорных доказательств её эффективности. При трансплантации, за исключением случаев MCP-ГУС, существует высокий риск посттрансплантационных рецидивов. Описанные клинические случаи и два исследования второй фазы демонстрируют впечатляющую эффективность блокатора C5 компонента комплимента экулизумаба, предполагая, что он будет являться следующим стандартом терапии. За исключением пациентов, получающих интенсивную плазмотерапию или терапию экулизумабом, наихудший прогноз отмечается у пациентов с H-фактором – ГУС, при котором смертность может достигать 20%, а у 50% выживших пациентов функция почек не восстанавливается. Терминальная почечная недостаточность развивается у половины больных с I-фактором ГУС. У большинства пациентов с MCP-ГУС функция почек, напротив, остается сохранной. У пациентов с ГУС, обусловленным действием антител к фактору Н (анти-Н-ГУС) при раннем начале терапии отмечается благоприятный исход.</p><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов. CL и VFB обсудили содержание статьи, написали оригинал, редактировали его и утвердили окончательный вариант. VFB выполнил исследование системы комплемента и генетический скрининг.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. С. Loirat была координатором французского исследования «Безопасность и эффективность экулизумаба у взрослых пациентов с аГУС, резистентных/чувствительных к плазмотерапии «C08-002A и C08-003A», является координатором французских исследований «Применение экулизумаба у взрослых и детей с аГУС «С10-004 и С10-003», а также является членом научноконсультативного совета при Alexion Pharmaceutical sand LFB Biotechnologies. В. Frémeaux-Bacchi является членом научно-консультативного совета при Alexion Pharmaceuticals.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is defined by the triad of mechanical hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal impairment. Atypical HUS (aHUS) defines non Shiga-toxin-HUS and even if some authors include secondary aHUS due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or other causes, aHUS designates a primary disease due to a disorder in complement alternative pathway regulation. Atypical HUS represents 5–10% of HUS in children, but the majority of HUS in adults. The incidence of complement-aHUS is not known precisely. However, more than 1000 aHUS patients investigated for complement abnormalities have been reported. Onset is from the neonatal period to the adult age. Most patients present with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure and 20% have extra renal manifestations. Two to 10% die and one third progress to end-stage renal failure at first episode. Half of patients have relapses. Mutations in the genes encoding complement regulatory proteins factor H, membrane cofactor protein (MCP), factor I or thrombomodulin have been demonstrated in 20–30%, 5–15%, 4–10% and 3–5% of patients respectively, and mutations in the genes of C3 convertase proteins, C3 and factor B, in 2–10% and 1–4%. In addition, 6–10% of patients have anti-factor H antibodies. Diagnosis of aHUS relies on 1) No associated disease 2) No criteria for Shigatoxin-HUS (stool culture and PCR for Shiga-toxins; serology for anti-lipopolysaccharides antibodies) 3) No criteria for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (serum ADAMTS 13 activity &gt; 10%). Investigation of the complement system is required (C3, C4, factor H and factor I plasma concentration, MCP expression on leukocytes and anti-factor H antibodies; genetic screening to identify risk factors). The disease is familial in approximately 20% of pedigrees, with an autosomal recessive or dominant mode of transmission. As penetrance of the disease is 50%, genetic counseling is difficult. Plasmatherapy has been first line treatment until presently, without unquestionable demonstration of efficiency. There is a high risk of post-transplant recurrence, except in MCP-HUS. Case reports and two phase II trials show an impressive efficacy of the complement C5 blocker eculizumab, suggesting it will be the next standard of care. Except for patients treated by intensive plasmatherapy or eculizumab, the worst prognosis is in factor H-HUS, as mortality can reach 20% and 50% of survivors do not recover renal function. Half of factor I-HUS progress to end-stage renal failure. Conversely, most patients with MCP-HUS have preserved renal function. Anti-factor H antibodies-HUS has favourable outcome if treated early.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атипичный гемолитико-уремический синдром</kwd><kwd>C3</kwd><kwd>фактор H</kwd><kwd>фактор I</kwd><kwd>фактор B</kwd><kwd>мембранный кофакторный белок</kwd><kwd>тромбомодулин</kwd><kwd>плазмоинфузия</kwd><kwd>плазмообмен</kwd><kwd>экулизимаб</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>комбинированная трансплантация почки и печени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>аtypical hemolytic uremic syndrome</kwd><kwd>C3</kwd><kwd>factor H</kwd><kwd>factor I</kwd><kwd>factor B</kwd><kwd>membrane cofactor protein</kwd><kwd>thrombomodulin</kwd><kwd>plasma infusion</kwd><kwd>plasma exchange</kwd><kwd>eculizumab</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>combined liver-kidney transplantation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Благодарности. Dr Fadi Fakhouri, Dr Julien Zuber and the Groupe d’Etude du SHU et des Glomérulonéphrites membranoprolifératives за плодотворные обсуждения; the Association pour l’Information et la Recherche sur les maladies rénales Génétiques (AIRG) за финансовую поддержку и, за помощь и поддержку пациентов и их семей; пациентов и их семьи за сотрудничество и поддержку</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Besbas N, Karpman D, Landau D, Loirat C, Proesmans W, Remuzzi G, Rizzoni G, Taylor CM, Van de Kar N, Zimmerhackl LB. A classification of hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and related disorders. Kidney Int 2006;70:423–431</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Besbas N, Karpman D, Landau D, Loirat C, Proesmans W, Remuzzi G, Rizzoni G, Taylor CM, Van de Kar N, Zimmerhackl LB. A classification of hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and related disorders. Kidney Int 2006;70:423–431</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:1035–1050. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004100861</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:1035–1050. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004100861</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson S, Taylor CM. What’s new in haemolytic uraemic syndrome? Eur J Pediatr 2008;167:965–971</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson S, Taylor CM. What’s new in haemolytic uraemic syndrome? Eur J Pediatr 2008;167:965–971</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheiring J, Rosales A, Zimmerhackl LB. Clinical practice. Today’s understanding of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2010;169:7–13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheiring J, Rosales A, Zimmerhackl LB. Clinical practice. Today’s understanding of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2010;169:7–13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keir L, Coward RJ. Advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of glomerular thrombotic microangiopathy. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:523–533</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keir L, Coward RJ. Advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of glomerular thrombotic microangiopathy. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:523–533</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allen U, Licht C. Pandemic H1N1 influenza A infection and (atypical) HUS-more than just another trigger? Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:3–5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allen U, Licht C. Pandemic H1N1 influenza A infection and (atypical) HUS-more than just another trigger? Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:3–5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sartelet H, Toupance O, Lorenzato M, Fadel F, Noel LH, Lagonotte E, Birembaut P, Chanard J, Rieu P. Sirolimus-induced thrombotic microangiopathy is associated with decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in kidneys. J Transplan 2005;5:2441–2447</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sartelet H, Toupance O, Lorenzato M, Fadel F, Noel LH, Lagonotte E, Birembaut P, Chanard J, Rieu P. Sirolimus-induced thrombotic microangiopathy is associated with decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in kidneys. J Transplan 2005;5:2441–2447</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodriguez R, Nakamura R, Palmer JM, Parker P, Shayani S, Nademanee A, Snyder D, Pullarkat V, Kogut N, Rosenthal J, Smith E, Karanes C, O'Donnell M, Krishnan AY, Senitzer D, Forman SJ. A phase II pilot study of tacrolimus/sirolimus GVHD prophylaxis for sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using 3 conditioning regimens. Blood 2010;115:1098–1105</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodriguez R, Nakamura R, Palmer JM, Parker P, Shayani S, Nademanee A, Snyder D, Pullarkat V, Kogut N, Rosenthal J, Smith E, Karanes C, O'Donnell M, Krishnan AY, Senitzer D, Forman SJ. A phase II pilot study of tacrolimus/sirolimus GVHD prophylaxis for sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using 3 conditioning regimens. Blood 2010;115:1098–1105</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Izzedine H, Rixe O, Billemont B, Baumelou A, Deray G. Angiogenesis inhibitor therapies: focus on kidney toxicity and hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis 2007;5:203–218</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izzedine H, Rixe O, Billemont B, Baumelou A, Deray G. Angiogenesis inhibitor therapies: focus on kidney toxicity and hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis 2007;5:203–218</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eremina V, Jefferson JA, Kowalewska J, Hochster H, Haas M, Weisstuch J, Richardson C, Kopp JB, Kabir MG, Backx PH, Gerber HP, Ferrara N, Barisoni L, Alpers CE, Quaggin SE. VEGF inhibition and renal thrombotic microangiopathy. N Engl J Med 2008;358:1129–1136</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eremina V, Jefferson JA, Kowalewska J, Hochster H, Haas M, Weisstuch J, Richardson C, Kopp JB, Kabir MG, Backx PH, Gerber HP, Ferrara N, Barisoni L, Alpers CE, Quaggin SE. VEGF inhibition and renal thrombotic microangiopathy. N Engl J Med 2008;358:1129–1136</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bollée G, Patey N, Cazajous G, Robert C, Goujon JM, Fakhouri F, Bruneval P, Noël LH, Knebelmann B. Thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to VEGF pathway inhibition by sunitinib. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:682–685</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bollée G, Patey N, Cazajous G, Robert C, Goujon JM, Fakhouri F, Bruneval P, Noël LH, Knebelmann B. Thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to VEGF pathway inhibition by sunitinib. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:682–685</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma AP, Greenberg CR, Prasad AN, Prasad C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) secondary to cobalamin C (cblC) disorder. Pediatr Nephrol 200;22:2097–2103</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma AP, Greenberg CR, Prasad AN, Prasad C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) secondary to cobalamin C (cblC) disorder. Pediatr Nephrol 200;22:2097–2103</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Hove JL, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Grünewald S, Peters H, Van Damme B, Fryns JP, Arnout J, Wevers R, Baumgartner ER, Fowler B. Cobalamin disorder Cbl-C presenting with late-onset thrombotic microangiopathy. Am J Med Genet 2002;111:195–201</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Hove JL, Van Damme-Lombaerts R, Grünewald S, Peters H, Van Damme B, Fryns JP, Arnout J, Wevers R, Baumgartner ER, Fowler B. Cobalamin disorder Cbl-C presenting with late-onset thrombotic microangiopathy. Am J Med Genet 2002;111:195–201</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams D, Venditti CP. In: Disorders of Intracellular Cobalamin Metabolism. Pagon RA, Bird TC, Dolan CR, Stephens K, editor. GeneReviews [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle 1993; 2008 [updated 2009 Aug 11]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams D, Venditti CP. In: Disorders of Intracellular Cobalamin Metabolism. Pagon RA, Bird TC, Dolan CR, Stephens K, editor. GeneReviews [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle 1993; 2008 [updated 2009 Aug 11]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaplan BS, Chesney RW, Drummond KN. Hemolytic uremic syndrome in families. N Engl J Med 1975;292:1090–1093</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplan BS, Chesney RW, Drummond KN. Hemolytic uremic syndrome in families. N Engl J Med 1975;292:1090–1093</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fakhouri F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Does hemolytic uremic syndrome differ from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura? Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 2007;3:679–687</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fakhouri F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Does hemolytic uremic syndrome differ from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura? Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 2007;3:679–687</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sellier-Leclerc AL, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Macher MA, Niaudet P, Guest G, Boudailliez B, Bouissou F, Deschenes G, Gie S, Tsimaratos M, Fishbach M, Morin D, Nivet H, Alberti C, Loirat C. Differential impact of complement mutations on clinical characteristics in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:2392–2400</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sellier-Leclerc AL, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Macher MA, Niaudet P, Guest G, Boudailliez B, Bouissou F, Deschenes G, Gie S, Tsimaratos M, Fishbach M, Morin D, Nivet H, Alberti C, Loirat C. Differential impact of complement mutations on clinical characteristics in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:2392–2400</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Caprioli J, Bresin E, Mossali C, Pianetti G, Gamba S, Daina E, Fenili C, Castelletti F, Sorosina A, Piras R, Donadelli R, Maranta R, van der Meer I, Conway EM, Zipfel PF, Goodship TH, Remuzzi G. Relative role of genetic complement abnormalities in sporadic and familial aHUS and their impact on clinical phenotype. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1844–1859</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Caprioli J, Bresin E, Mossali C, Pianetti G, Gamba S, Daina E, Fenili C, Castelletti F, Sorosina A, Piras R, Donadelli R, Maranta R, van der Meer I, Conway EM, Zipfel PF, Goodship TH, Remuzzi G. Relative role of genetic complement abnormalities in sporadic and familial aHUS and their impact on clinical phenotype. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1844–1859</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Constantinescu AR, Bitzan M, Weiss LS, Christen E, Kaplan BS, Cnaan A, Trachtman H. Non-enteropathic hemolytic uremic syndrome: causes and short-term course. Am J Kidney Dis 2004;43:976–982</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constantinescu AR, Bitzan M, Weiss LS, Christen E, Kaplan BS, Cnaan A, Trachtman H. Non-enteropathic hemolytic uremic syndrome: causes and short-term course. Am J Kidney Dis 2004;43:976–982</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sullivan M, Erlic Z, Hoffmann MM, Arbeiter K, Patzer L, Budde K, Hoppe B, Zeier M, Lhotta K, Rybicki LA, Bock A, Berisha G, Neumann HP. Epidemiological approach to identifying genetic predispositions for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome Ann Hum Genet 2010;74:17–26</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sullivan M, Erlic Z, Hoffmann MM, Arbeiter K, Patzer L, Budde K, Hoppe B, Zeier M, Lhotta K, Rybicki LA, Bock A, Berisha G, Neumann HP. Epidemiological approach to identifying genetic predispositions for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome Ann Hum Genet 2010;74:17–26</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caprioli J, Noris M, Brioschi S, Pianetti G, Castelleti F, Bettinaglio P, Mele C, Bresin E, Cassis L, Gamba S, Porrati F, Bucchioni S, Monteferrante G, Fang CJ, Liszewski MK, Kavanagh D, Atkinson JP, Remuzzi G. Genetics of HUS: the impact of MCP, CFH and IF mutations on clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome. Blood 2006;108:1267–1279</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caprioli J, Noris M, Brioschi S, Pianetti G, Castelleti F, Bettinaglio P, Mele C, Bresin E, Cassis L, Gamba S, Porrati F, Bucchioni S, Monteferrante G, Fang CJ, Liszewski MK, Kavanagh D, Atkinson JP, Remuzzi G. Genetics of HUS: the impact of MCP, CFH and IF mutations on clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome. Blood 2006;108:1267–1279</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Westra D, Volokhina E, van der Heijden E, Vos A, Huigen M, Jansen J, van Kaauwen E, van der Velden T, van de Kar N, van den Heuvel L. Genetic disorders in complement (regulating) genes in patients with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:2195–2202</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Westra D, Volokhina E, van der Heijden E, Vos A, Huigen M, Jansen J, van Kaauwen E, van der Velden T, van de Kar N, van den Heuvel L. Genetic disorders in complement (regulating) genes in patients with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:2195–2202</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maga TK, Nishimura CJ, Weaver AE, Frees KL, Smith RJ. Mutations in alternative pathway complement proteins in American patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hum Mutat 2010;31:E1445–1460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maga TK, Nishimura CJ, Weaver AE, Frees KL, Smith RJ. Mutations in alternative pathway complement proteins in American patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hum Mutat 2010;31:E1445–1460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coppo P, Schwarzinger M, Buffet M, Wynckel A, Clabault K, Presne C, Poullin P, Malot S, Vanhille P, Azoulay E, Galicier L, Lemiale V, Mira JP, Ridel C, Rondeau E, Pourrat J, Girault S, Bordessoule D, Saheb S, Ramakers M, Hamidou M, Vernant JP, Guidet B, Wolf M, Veyradier A. French Reference Center for Thrombotic Microangiopathies. Predictive features of severe acquired ADAMTS13 deficiency in idiopathic thrombotic microangiopathies: the French TMA reference center experience. PLoS One 2010;5:e10208</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coppo P, Schwarzinger M, Buffet M, Wynckel A, Clabault K, Presne C, Poullin P, Malot S, Vanhille P, Azoulay E, Galicier L, Lemiale V, Mira JP, Ridel C, Rondeau E, Pourrat J, Girault S, Bordessoule D, Saheb S, Ramakers M, Hamidou M, Vernant JP, Guidet B, Wolf M, Veyradier A. French Reference Center for Thrombotic Microangiopathies. Predictive features of severe acquired ADAMTS13 deficiency in idiopathic thrombotic microangiopathies: the French TMA reference center experience. PLoS One 2010;5:e10208</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hovinga JA, Vesely SK, Terrell DR, Lämmle B, George JN. Survival and relapse in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 2010;115:1500–1511</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hovinga JA, Vesely SK, Terrell DR, Lämmle B, George JN. Survival and relapse in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 2010;115:1500–1511</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esparza-Gordillo J, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Buil A, Carreras Berges L, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, Rodríguez de Córdoba S. Predisposition to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome involves the concurrence of different susceptibility alleles in the regulators of complement activation gene cluster in 1q32. Hum Mol Genet 2005;14:703–712</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esparza-Gordillo J, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Buil A, Carreras Berges L, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, Rodríguez de Córdoba S. Predisposition to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome involves the concurrence of different susceptibility alleles in the regulators of complement activation gene cluster in 1q32. Hum Mol Genet 2005;14:703–712</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dragon-Durey MA, Blanc C, Marliot F, Loirat C, Blouin J, Sautes-Fridman C, Fridman WH, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. The high frequency of Complement Factor H-Related CFHR1 Gene deletion is restricted to specific subgroups of patients with atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome. J Med Genet 2009;46:447–450</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dragon-Durey MA, Blanc C, Marliot F, Loirat C, Blouin J, Sautes-Fridman C, Fridman WH, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. The high frequency of Complement Factor H-Related CFHR1 Gene deletion is restricted to specific subgroups of patients with atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome. J Med Genet 2009;46:447–450</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bienaimé F, Dragon-Durey M-A, Regnier CH, Nillson SC, Kwan WH, Blouin J, Jablonski M, Renault N, Rameix-Welti M-A, Loirat C, Sautés-Fridman C, Villoutreix BO, Blom AM, FremeauxBacchi V. Mutations in components of complement influences the outcome of Factor Iassociated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 2009;77:339–349</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bienaimé F, Dragon-Durey M-A, Regnier CH, Nillson SC, Kwan WH, Blouin J, Jablonski M, Renault N, Rameix-Welti M-A, Loirat C, Sautés-Fridman C, Villoutreix BO, Blom AM, FremeauxBacchi V. Mutations in components of complement influences the outcome of Factor Iassociated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 2009;77:339–349</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milford DV, Taylor CM, Guttridge B, Hall SM, Rowe B, Kleanthous H. Haemolytic uraemic syndromes in the British Isles 1985-8: association with verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli. Part 1: Clinical and epidemiological aspects. Arch Dis Child 1990;65:716–721</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milford DV, Taylor CM, Guttridge B, Hall SM, Rowe B, Kleanthous H. Haemolytic uraemic syndromes in the British Isles 1985-8: association with verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli. Part 1: Clinical and epidemiological aspects. Arch Dis Child 1990;65:716–721</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Surveillance of post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome in children less than 15 years of age in France. Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Ministère de la Santé, France; http://www.invs.sante.fr</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surveillance of post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome in children less than 15 years of age in France. Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Ministère de la Santé, France; http://www.invs.sante.fr</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loirat C, Noris M, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Complement and the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1957–1972</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loirat C, Noris M, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Complement and the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1957–1972</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwon T, Belot A, Ranchin B, Baudouin V, FremeauxBacchi V, Dragon-Durey MA, Cochat P, Loirat C. Varicella as a trigger of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with complement dysfunction: two cases. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:2752–2754</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwon T, Belot A, Ranchin B, Baudouin V, FremeauxBacchi V, Dragon-Durey MA, Cochat P, Loirat C. Varicella as a trigger of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with complement dysfunction: two cases. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:2752–2754</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bento D, Mapril J, Rocha C, Marchbank KJ, Kavanagh D, Barge D, Strain L, Goodship TH, Meneses-Oliveira C. Triggering of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome by influenza A (H1N1) Ren Fail 2010;32:753–756</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bento D, Mapril J, Rocha C, Marchbank KJ, Kavanagh D, Barge D, Strain L, Goodship TH, Meneses-Oliveira C. Triggering of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome by influenza A (H1N1) Ren Fail 2010;32:753–756</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trachtman H, Sethna C, Epstein R, D'Souza M, Rubin LG, Ginocchio CC. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with H1N1 influenza A virus infection. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:145–146</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trachtman H, Sethna C, Epstein R, D'Souza M, Rubin LG, Ginocchio CC. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with H1N1 influenza A virus infection. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:145–146</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caltik A, Akyüz SG, Erdogan O, Demircin G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered with a new pandemic virus: influenza A (H1N1) Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:147–148</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caltik A, Akyüz SG, Erdogan O, Demircin G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered with a new pandemic virus: influenza A (H1N1) Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:147–148</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fang CJ, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Liszewski MK, Pianetti G, Noris M, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Membrane cofactor protein mutations in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), fatal Stx-HUS, C3 glomerulonephritis and the HELLP syndrome. Blood 2007;111:624–632</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fang CJ, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Liszewski MK, Pianetti G, Noris M, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Membrane cofactor protein mutations in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), fatal Stx-HUS, C3 glomerulonephritis and the HELLP syndrome. Blood 2007;111:624–632</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dragon-Durey MA, Sethi SK, Bagga A, Blanc C, Blouin J, Ranchin B, André JL, Takagi N, Cheong H, Hari P, Le Quintrec M, Niaudet P, Loirat C, Fridman WH, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Clinical features of anti-factor h autoantibody-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;21:2180–2187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dragon-Durey MA, Sethi SK, Bagga A, Blanc C, Blouin J, Ranchin B, André JL, Takagi N, Cheong H, Hari P, Le Quintrec M, Niaudet P, Loirat C, Fridman WH, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Clinical features of anti-factor h autoantibody-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;21:2180–2187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1676–1687</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1676–1687</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fakhouri F, Roumenina L, Provot F, Sallée M, Caillard S, Couzi L, Essig M, Ribes D, Dragon-Durey MA, Bridoux F, Rondeau E, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Pregnancy-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome revisited in the era of complement gene mutations. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;21:859-867</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fakhouri F, Roumenina L, Provot F, Sallée M, Caillard S, Couzi L, Essig M, Ribes D, Dragon-Durey MA, Bridoux F, Rondeau E, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Pregnancy-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome revisited in the era of complement gene mutations. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;21:859-867</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koehl B, Boyer O, Biebuyck-Gougé N, Kossorotoff M, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Boddaert N, Niaudet P. Neurological involvement in a child with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2539–2542</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koehl B, Boyer O, Biebuyck-Gougé N, Kossorotoff M, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Boddaert N, Niaudet P. Neurological involvement in a child with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2539–2542</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sallée M, Daniel L, Piercecchi MD, Jaubert D, FremeauxBacchi V, Berland Y, Burtey S. Myocardial infarction is a complication of factor H-associated atypical HUS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:2028–2032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sallée M, Daniel L, Piercecchi MD, Jaubert D, FremeauxBacchi V, Berland Y, Burtey S. Myocardial infarction is a complication of factor H-associated atypical HUS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:2028–2032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaplan BS, Garcia CD, Chesney RW, Segar WE, Giugno K, Chem R. Peripheral gangrene complicating idiopathic and recessive hemolytic uremic syndromes. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14:985–989</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplan BS, Garcia CD, Chesney RW, Segar WE, Giugno K, Chem R. Peripheral gangrene complicating idiopathic and recessive hemolytic uremic syndromes. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14:985–989</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cameron JS, Vick R. Letter: Plasma-C3 in haemolyticuraemic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 1973;2:975</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cameron JS, Vick R. Letter: Plasma-C3 in haemolyticuraemic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 1973;2:975</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walport MJ. Complement. First of two parts. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1058–1066</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walport MJ. Complement. First of two parts. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1058–1066</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delvaeye M, Noris M, De Vriese A, Esmon CT, Esmon NL, Ferrell G, Del-Favero J, Plaisance S, Claes B, Lambrechts D, Zoja C, Remuzzi G, Conway EM. Thrombomodulin mutations in atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;361:345–357</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delvaeye M, Noris M, De Vriese A, Esmon CT, Esmon NL, Ferrell G, Del-Favero J, Plaisance S, Claes B, Lambrechts D, Zoja C, Remuzzi G, Conway EM. Thrombomodulin mutations in atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;361:345–357</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodrigues de Cordoba SR, de Jorge EG. Translational mini-review series on complement factor H: genetics and disease associations of human complement factor H. Clin Exp Immunol 2008;151:1–13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodrigues de Cordoba SR, de Jorge EG. Translational mini-review series on complement factor H: genetics and disease associations of human complement factor H. Clin Exp Immunol 2008;151:1–13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kajander T, Lehtinen MJ, Hyvärinen S, Bhattacharjee A, Leung E, Isenman DE, Meri S, Goldman A, Jokiranta TS. Dual interaction of factor H with C3d and glycosaminoglycans in hostnonhost discrimination by complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011;108:2897–2902</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kajander T, Lehtinen MJ, Hyvärinen S, Bhattacharjee A, Leung E, Isenman DE, Meri S, Goldman A, Jokiranta TS. Dual interaction of factor H with C3d and glycosaminoglycans in hostnonhost discrimination by complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011;108:2897–2902</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgan HP, Schmidt CQ, Guariento M, Blaum BS, Gillespie D, Herbert AP, Kavanagh D, Mertens HD, Svergun DI, Johansson CM, Uhrín D, Barlow PN, Hannan JP. Structural basis for engagement by complement factor H of C3b on a self surface. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011;18:463–470</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morgan HP, Schmidt CQ, Guariento M, Blaum BS, Gillespie D, Herbert AP, Kavanagh D, Mertens HD, Svergun DI, Johansson CM, Uhrín D, Barlow PN, Hannan JP. Structural basis for engagement by complement factor H of C3b on a self surface. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011;18:463–470</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavanagh D, Richards A, Atkinson J. Complement regu latory genes and haemolytic uremic syndromes. Annu Rev Med 2008;59:293–309</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavanagh D, Richards A, Atkinson J. Complement regu latory genes and haemolytic uremic syndromes. Annu Rev Med 2008;59:293–309</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavanagh D, Goodship T. Genetics and complement in atypical HUS. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2431–2442</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavanagh D, Goodship T. Genetics and complement in atypical HUS. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2431–2442</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sánchez-Corral P, Melgosa M. Advances in understanding the aetiology of atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome. Br J Haematol 2010;150:529–542</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sánchez-Corral P, Melgosa M. Advances in understanding the aetiology of atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome. Br J Haematol 2010;150:529–542</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stahl AL, Vaziri-Sani F, Heinen S, Kristoffersson AC, Gydell KH, Raafat R, Gutierrez A, Beringer O, Zipfel PF, Karpman D. Factor H dysfunction in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome contributes to complement deposition on platelets and their activation. Blood 2008;111:5307–5315</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stahl AL, Vaziri-Sani F, Heinen S, Kristoffersson AC, Gydell KH, Raafat R, Gutierrez A, Beringer O, Zipfel PF, Karpman D. Factor H dysfunction in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome contributes to complement deposition on platelets and their activation. Blood 2008;111:5307–5315</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Licht C, Pluthero FG, Li L, Christensen H, Habbig S, Hoppe B, Geary DF, Zipfel PF, Kahr WH. Platelet-associated complement factor H in normal individuals and patients with atypical HUS. Blood 2009;114:4538–4545</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Licht C, Pluthero FG, Li L, Christensen H, Habbig S, Hoppe B, Geary DF, Zipfel PF, Kahr WH. Platelet-associated complement factor H in normal individuals and patients with atypical HUS. Blood 2009;114:4538–4545</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pickering MC, de Jorge EG, Martinez-Barricarte R, Recalde S, Garcia-Layana A, Rose KL, Moss J, Walport MJ, Cook HT, de Córdoba SR, Botto M. Spontaneous hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by complement factor H lacking surface recognition domains. J Exp Med 2007;204:1249–1256</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pickering MC, de Jorge EG, Martinez-Barricarte R, Recalde S, Garcia-Layana A, Rose KL, Moss J, Walport MJ, Cook HT, de Córdoba SR, Botto M. Spontaneous hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by complement factor H lacking surface recognition domains. J Exp Med 2007;204:1249–1256</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goicoechea de Jorge E, Paixao-Cavalcante D, Rose KL, Tedesco F, Cook HT, Botto M, Pickering MC. The development of atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome depends on complement C5. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:137–145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goicoechea de Jorge E, Paixao-Cavalcante D, Rose KL, Tedesco F, Cook HT, Botto M, Pickering MC. The development of atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome depends on complement C5. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:137–145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thompson RA, Winterborn MH. Hypocomplementaemia due to a genetic deficiency of beta 1H globulin. Clin Exp Immunol 1981;46:110–119</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thompson RA, Winterborn MH. Hypocomplementaemia due to a genetic deficiency of beta 1H globulin. Clin Exp Immunol 1981;46:110–119</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warwicker P, Goodship TH, Donne RL, Pirson Y, Nicholls A, Ward RM, Turnpenny P, Goodship JA. Genetic studies into inherited and sporadic haemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 1998;53:836–844</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warwicker P, Goodship TH, Donne RL, Pirson Y, Nicholls A, Ward RM, Turnpenny P, Goodship JA. Genetic studies into inherited and sporadic haemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 1998;53:836–844</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saunders RE, Abarrategui-Garrido C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Goodship TH, López Trascasa M, Noris M, Ponce Castro IM, Remuzzi G, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Sánchez-Corral P, Skerka C, Zipfel PF, Perkins SJ. et al. The interactive Factor H-atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome mutation database and website: update and integration of membrane cofactor protein and Factor I mutations with structural models. Hum Mutat 2007;28:222–234</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saunders RE, Abarrategui-Garrido C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Goodship TH, López Trascasa M, Noris M, Ponce Castro IM, Remuzzi G, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Sánchez-Corral P, Skerka C, Zipfel PF, Perkins SJ. et al. The interactive Factor H-atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome mutation database and website: update and integration of membrane cofactor protein and Factor I mutations with structural models. Hum Mutat 2007;28:222–234</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira VP, Herbert AP, Cortes C, McKee KA, Blaum BS, Esswein ST, Uhrin D, Barlow PN, Pangburn MK, Kavanagh D. The binding of factor H to a complex physiological polyanions and C3b on cells is impaired in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Immunol 2009;182:7009-7018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferreira VP, Herbert AP, Cortes C, McKee KA, Blaum BS, Esswein ST, Uhrin D, Barlow PN, Pangburn MK, Kavanagh D. The binding of factor H to a complex physiological polyanions and C3b on cells is impaired in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Immunol 2009;182:7009-7018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lehtinen MJ, Rops AL, Isenman DE, van der Vlag J, Jokiranta TS. Mutations in factor H impair regulation of surface-bound C3b by three mechanisms in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Biol Chem 2009;284:15650–15658</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lehtinen MJ, Rops AL, Isenman DE, van der Vlag J, Jokiranta TS. Mutations in factor H impair regulation of surface-bound C3b by three mechanisms in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Biol Chem 2009;284:15650–15658</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roumenina LT, Loirat C, Dragon-Durey MA, HalbwachsMecarelli L, Sautes-Fridman C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Alternative complement pathway assessment in patients with atypical HUS. J Immunol Methods 2011;365:8–26</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roumenina LT, Loirat C, Dragon-Durey MA, HalbwachsMecarelli L, Sautes-Fridman C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Alternative complement pathway assessment in patients with atypical HUS. J Immunol Methods 2011;365:8–26</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heinen S, Sanchez-Corral P, Jackson MS, Strain L, Goodship JA, Kemp EJ, Skerka C, Jokiranta TS, Meyers K, Wagner E, Robitaille P, Esparza-Gordillo J, Rodriguez de Cordoba S, Zipfel PF, Goodship TH. De novo gene conversion in the RCA gene cluster (1q32) causes mutations in complement factor H associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hum Mutat 2006;27:292–293</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heinen S, Sanchez-Corral P, Jackson MS, Strain L, Goodship JA, Kemp EJ, Skerka C, Jokiranta TS, Meyers K, Wagner E, Robitaille P, Esparza-Gordillo J, Rodriguez de Cordoba S, Zipfel PF, Goodship TH. De novo gene conversion in the RCA gene cluster (1q32) causes mutations in complement factor H associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hum Mutat 2006;27:292–293</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venables JP, Strain L, Routledge D, Bourn D, Powell HM, Warwicker P, Diaz-Torres ML, Sampson A, Mead P, Webb M, Pirson Y, Jackson MS, Hughes A, Wood KM, Goodship JA, Goodship TH. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with a hybrid complement gene. PLoS Med 2006;3:e431</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venables JP, Strain L, Routledge D, Bourn D, Powell HM, Warwicker P, Diaz-Torres ML, Sampson A, Mead P, Webb M, Pirson Y, Jackson MS, Hughes A, Wood KM, Goodship JA, Goodship TH. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with a hybrid complement gene. PLoS Med 2006;3:e431</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neumann HP, Salzmann M, Bohnert-Iwan B, Mannuelian T, Skerka C, Lenk D, Bender BU, Cybulla M, Riegler P, Königsrainer A, Neyer U, Bock A, Widmer U, Male DA, Franke G, Zipfel PF. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and mutations of the factor H gene: a registry-based study of German speaking countries. J Med Genet 2003;40:676–681</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neumann HP, Salzmann M, Bohnert-Iwan B, Mannuelian T, Skerka C, Lenk D, Bender BU, Cybulla M, Riegler P, Königsrainer A, Neyer U, Bock A, Widmer U, Male DA, Franke G, Zipfel PF. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and mutations of the factor H gene: a registry-based study of German speaking countries. J Med Genet 2003;40:676–681</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dragon-Durey MA, Loirat C, Cloarec S, Macher MA, Blouin J, Nivet H, Weiss L, Fridman WH, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Anti-Factor H autoantibodies associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:555–563</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dragon-Durey MA, Loirat C, Cloarec S, Macher MA, Blouin J, Nivet H, Weiss L, Fridman WH, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Anti-Factor H autoantibodies associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:555–563</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Józsi M, Strobel S, Dahse HM, Liu WS, Hoyer PF, Oppermann M, Skerka C, Zipfel PF. Anti factor H autoantibodies block C-terminal recognition function of factor H in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2007;110:1516–1518</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Józsi M, Strobel S, Dahse HM, Liu WS, Hoyer PF, Oppermann M, Skerka C, Zipfel PF. Anti factor H autoantibodies block C-terminal recognition function of factor H in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2007;110:1516–1518</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skerka C, Jozsi M, Zipfel PF, Dragon-Durey MA, FremeauxBacchi V. Autoantibodies in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) Thromb Haemost 2009;101:227–232</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skerka C, Jozsi M, Zipfel PF, Dragon-Durey MA, FremeauxBacchi V. Autoantibodies in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) Thromb Haemost 2009;101:227–232</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strobel S, Hoyer PF, Mache CJ, Sulyok E, Liu WS, Richter H, Oppermann M, Zipfel PF, Józsi M. Functional analyses indicate a pathogenic role of factor H autoantibodies in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:136–144</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strobel S, Hoyer PF, Mache CJ, Sulyok E, Liu WS, Richter H, Oppermann M, Zipfel PF, Józsi M. Functional analyses indicate a pathogenic role of factor H autoantibodies in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:136–144</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zipfel PF, Edey M, Heinen S, Józsi M, Richter H, Misselwitz J, Hoppe B, Routledge D, Strain L, Hughes AE, Goodship JA, Licht C, Goodship TH, Skerka C. Deletion of Complement Factor Hrelated genes CFHR1 and CFHR3 is associated with atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. PLoS Genetics 2007;3:e41</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zipfel PF, Edey M, Heinen S, Józsi M, Richter H, Misselwitz J, Hoppe B, Routledge D, Strain L, Hughes AE, Goodship JA, Licht C, Goodship TH, Skerka C. Deletion of Complement Factor Hrelated genes CFHR1 and CFHR3 is associated with atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. PLoS Genetics 2007;3:e41</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Józsi M, Licht C, Strobel S, Zipfel SL, Richter H, Heinen S, Zipfel PF, Skerka C. Factor H autoantibodies in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome correlate with CFHR1/CFHR3 deficiency. Blood 2008;111:1512–1514</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Józsi M, Licht C, Strobel S, Zipfel SL, Richter H, Heinen S, Zipfel PF, Skerka C. Factor H autoantibodies in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome correlate with CFHR1/CFHR3 deficiency. Blood 2008;111:1512–1514</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moore I, Strain L, Pappworth I, Kavanagh D, Barlow PN, Herbert AP, Schmidt CQ, Staniforth SJ, Holmes LV, Ward R, Morgan L, Goodship TH, Marchbank KJ. Association of factor H autoantibodies with deletions of CFHR1, CFHR3, CFHR4 and with mutations in CFH, CFI, CD46, and C3 in patients with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Blood 2010;115:379-387</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moore I, Strain L, Pappworth I, Kavanagh D, Barlow PN, Herbert AP, Schmidt CQ, Staniforth SJ, Holmes LV, Ward R, Morgan L, Goodship TH, Marchbank KJ. Association of factor H autoantibodies with deletions of CFHR1, CFHR3, CFHR4 and with mutations in CFH, CFI, CD46, and C3 in patients with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Blood 2010;115:379-387</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee BH, Kwak SH, Shin JI, Lee SH, Choi HJ, Kang HG, Ha IS, Lee JS, Dragon-Durey MA, Choi Y, Cheong HI. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement factor H autoantibodies and CFHR1/CFHR3 deficiency. Pediatr Res 2009;66:336–340</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee BH, Kwak SH, Shin JI, Lee SH, Choi HJ, Kang HG, Ha IS, Lee JS, Dragon-Durey MA, Choi Y, Cheong HI. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement factor H autoantibodies and CFHR1/CFHR3 deficiency. Pediatr Res 2009;66:336–340</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richards A, Kemp EJ, Liszewski MK, Goodship JA, Lampe AK, Decorte R, Müslümanoğlu MH, Kavukcu S, Filler G, Pirson Y, Wen LS, Atkinson JP, Goodship TH. Mutations in human complement regulator, membrane cofactor protein (CD46), predispose to development of familial hemolytic uremic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:12966–12971</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richards A, Kemp EJ, Liszewski MK, Goodship JA, Lampe AK, Decorte R, Müslümanoğlu MH, Kavukcu S, Filler G, Pirson Y, Wen LS, Atkinson JP, Goodship TH. Mutations in human complement regulator, membrane cofactor protein (CD46), predispose to development of familial hemolytic uremic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:12966–12971</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Brioschi S, Caprioli J, Todeschini M, Bresin E, Porrati F, Gamba S, Remuzzi G. Familial haemolytic uraemic syndrome and an MCP mutation. Lancet 2003;362:1542–1547</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Brioschi S, Caprioli J, Todeschini M, Bresin E, Porrati F, Gamba S, Remuzzi G. Familial haemolytic uraemic syndrome and an MCP mutation. Lancet 2003;362:1542–1547</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Moulton EA, Kavanagh D, DragonDurey MA, Blouin J, Caudy A, Arzouk N, Cleper R, Francois M, Guest G, Pourrat J, Seligman R, Fridman WH, Loirat C, Atkinson JP. Genetic and functional analyses of membrane cofactor protein (CD46) mutations in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2017–2025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Moulton EA, Kavanagh D, DragonDurey MA, Blouin J, Caudy A, Arzouk N, Cleper R, Francois M, Guest G, Pourrat J, Seligman R, Fridman WH, Loirat C, Atkinson JP. Genetic and functional analyses of membrane cofactor protein (CD46) mutations in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2017–2025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Dragon-Durey MA, Blouin J, Vigneau C, Kuypers D, Boudailliez B, Loirat C, Rondeau E, Fridman WH. Complement factor I: a susceptibility gene for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. J Med Genet 2004;41:e84</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Dragon-Durey MA, Blouin J, Vigneau C, Kuypers D, Boudailliez B, Loirat C, Rondeau E, Fridman WH. Complement factor I: a susceptibility gene for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. J Med Genet 2004;41:e84</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavanagh D, Kemp EJ, Mayland E, Winney RJ, Duffield JS, Warwick G, Richards A, Ward R, Goodship JA, Goodship TH. Mutations in complement factor I predispose to development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:2150–2155</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavanagh D, Kemp EJ, Mayland E, Winney RJ, Duffield JS, Warwick G, Richards A, Ward R, Goodship JA, Goodship TH. Mutations in complement factor I predispose to development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:2150–2155</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavanagh D, Richards A, Noris M, Hauhart R, Liszewski MK, Karpman D, Goodship JA, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Remuzzi G, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Characterization of mutations in complement factor I (CFI) associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mol Immunol 2008;45:95–105</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavanagh D, Richards A, Noris M, Hauhart R, Liszewski MK, Karpman D, Goodship JA, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Remuzzi G, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Characterization of mutations in complement factor I (CFI) associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mol Immunol 2008;45:95–105</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nillson SC, Nilsson SC, Kalchishkova N, Trouw LA, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Villoutreix BO, Blom AM. Mutations in complement factor I as found in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome lead either to altered secretion or altered function of factor I. Eur J Immunol 2010;40:172–185</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nillson SC, Nilsson SC, Kalchishkova N, Trouw LA, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Villoutreix BO, Blom AM. Mutations in complement factor I as found in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome lead either to altered secretion or altered function of factor I. Eur J Immunol 2010;40:172–185</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goicoechea de Jorge E, Harris CL, Esparza-Gordillo J, Carreras L, Arranz EA, Garrido CA, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, Morgan BP, Rodríguez de Córdoba S. Gain-offunction mutations in complement factor B are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:240–245</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goicoechea de Jorge E, Harris CL, Esparza-Gordillo J, Carreras L, Arranz EA, Garrido CA, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, Morgan BP, Rodríguez de Córdoba S. Gain-offunction mutations in complement factor B are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:240–245</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roumenina LT, Jablonski M, Hue C, Blouin J, Dimitrov JD, Dragon-Durey MA, Cayla M, Fridman WH, Macher MA, Ribes D, Moulonguet L, Rostaing L, Satchell SC, Mathieson PW, Sautes-Fridman C, Loirat C, Regnier CH, Halbwachs-Mecarelli L, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Hyperfunctional C3 convertase leads to complement deposition on endothelial cells and contributes to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2009;114:2837– 2845</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roumenina LT, Jablonski M, Hue C, Blouin J, Dimitrov JD, Dragon-Durey MA, Cayla M, Fridman WH, Macher MA, Ribes D, Moulonguet L, Rostaing L, Satchell SC, Mathieson PW, Sautes-Fridman C, Loirat C, Regnier CH, Halbwachs-Mecarelli L, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Hyperfunctional C3 convertase leads to complement deposition on endothelial cells and contributes to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2009;114:2837– 2845</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit82"><label>82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tawadrous H, Maga T, Sharma J, Kupferman J, Smith RJ, Schoeneman M. A novel mutation in the complement factor B gene (CFB) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:947–951</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tawadrous H, Maga T, Sharma J, Kupferman J, Smith RJ, Schoeneman M. A novel mutation in the complement factor B gene (CFB) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:947–951</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit83"><label>83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Miller EC, Liszewski MK, Strain L, Blouin J, Brown AL, Moghal N, Kaplan BS, Weiss RA, Lhotta K, Kapur G, Mattoo T, Nivet H, Wong W, Gie S, Hurault de Ligny B, Fischbach M, Gupta R, Hauhart R, Meunier V, Loirat C, DragonDurey MA, Fridman WH, Janssen BJ, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Mutations in complement C3 predispose to development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2008;112:4948–4952</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Miller EC, Liszewski MK, Strain L, Blouin J, Brown AL, Moghal N, Kaplan BS, Weiss RA, Lhotta K, Kapur G, Mattoo T, Nivet H, Wong W, Gie S, Hurault de Ligny B, Fischbach M, Gupta R, Hauhart R, Meunier V, Loirat C, DragonDurey MA, Fridman WH, Janssen BJ, Goodship TH, Atkinson JP. Mutations in complement C3 predispose to development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2008;112:4948–4952</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit84"><label>84</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lhotta K, Janecke AR, Scheiring J, Petzlberger B, Giner T, Fally V, Würzner R, Zimmerhackl LB, Mayer G, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. A large family with a gain-of-function mutation of complement C3 predisposing to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, microhematuria, hypertension and chronic renal failure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:1356–1362</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lhotta K, Janecke AR, Scheiring J, Petzlberger B, Giner T, Fally V, Würzner R, Zimmerhackl LB, Mayer G, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. A large family with a gain-of-function mutation of complement C3 predisposing to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, microhematuria, hypertension and chronic renal failure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:1356–1362</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit85"><label>85</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esparza-Gordillo J, Jorge EG, Garrido CA, Carreras L, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, de Córdoba SR. Insights into hemolytic uremic syndrome: Segregation of three independent predisposition factors in a large, multiple affected pedigree. Mol Immunol 2006;43:1769–1775</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esparza-Gordillo J, Jorge EG, Garrido CA, Carreras L, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, de Córdoba SR. Insights into hemolytic uremic syndrome: Segregation of three independent predisposition factors in a large, multiple affected pedigree. Mol Immunol 2006;43:1769–1775</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit86"><label>86</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Kemp EJ, Goodship JA, DragonDurey MA, Strain L, Loirat C, Deng HW, Goodship TH. The development of atypical HUS is influenced by susceptibility factors in factor H and membrane cofactor protein-evidence from two independent cohorts. J Med Genet 2005;42:852–856</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Kemp EJ, Goodship JA, DragonDurey MA, Strain L, Loirat C, Deng HW, Goodship TH. The development of atypical HUS is influenced by susceptibility factors in factor H and membrane cofactor protein-evidence from two independent cohorts. J Med Genet 2005;42:852–856</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit87"><label>87</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caprioli J, Castelletti F, Bucchioni S, Bettinaglio P, Bresin E, Pianetti G, Gamba S, Brioschi S, Daina E, Remuzzi G, Noris M. International Registry of Recurrent and Familial HUS/TTP. Complement factor H mutations and gene polymorphisms in haemolytic uraemic syndrome: the C-257T, the A2089G and the G2881T polymorphisms are strongly associated with the disease. Hum Mol Genet 2003;12:3385–3395</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caprioli J, Castelletti F, Bucchioni S, Bettinaglio P, Bresin E, Pianetti G, Gamba S, Brioschi S, Daina E, Remuzzi G, Noris M. International Registry of Recurrent and Familial HUS/TTP. Complement factor H mutations and gene polymorphisms in haemolytic uraemic syndrome: the C-257T, the A2089G and the G2881T polymorphisms are strongly associated with the disease. Hum Mol Genet 2003;12:3385–3395</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit88"><label>88</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abarrategui-Garrido C, Martínez-Barricarte R, LópezTrascasa M, de Córdoba SR, Sánchez-Corral P. Characterization of complement factor H-related (CFHR) proteins in plasma reveals novel genetic variations of CFHR1 associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2009;114:4261–4271</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abarrategui-Garrido C, Martínez-Barricarte R, LópezTrascasa M, de Córdoba SR, Sánchez-Corral P. Characterization of complement factor H-related (CFHR) proteins in plasma reveals novel genetic variations of CFHR1 associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Blood 2009;114:4261–4271</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit89"><label>89</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blom AM, Bergström F, Edey M, Diaz-Torres M, Kavanagh D, Lampe A, Goodship JA, Strain L, Moghal N, McHugh M, Inward C, Tomson C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Villoutreix BO, Goodship TH. A novel non-synonymous polymorphism (p.Arg240His) in C4bbinding protein is associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and leads to impaired alternative pathway cofactor activity. J Immunol 2008;180:6385–6391</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blom AM, Bergström F, Edey M, Diaz-Torres M, Kavanagh D, Lampe A, Goodship JA, Strain L, Moghal N, McHugh M, Inward C, Tomson C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Villoutreix BO, Goodship TH. A novel non-synonymous polymorphism (p.Arg240His) in C4bbinding protein is associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and leads to impaired alternative pathway cofactor activity. J Immunol 2008;180:6385–6391</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit90"><label>90</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ariceta G, Besbas N, Johnson S, Karpman D, Landau D, Licht C, Loirat C, Pecoraro C, Tylor C, Van De Kar N, Van De Wall J, Zimmerhackl L. Guidelines for the investigation and initial therapy of diarrhea negative haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:687–696</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ariceta G, Besbas N, Johnson S, Karpman D, Landau D, Licht C, Loirat C, Pecoraro C, Tylor C, Van De Kar N, Van De Wall J, Zimmerhackl L. Guidelines for the investigation and initial therapy of diarrhea negative haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:687–696</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit91"><label>91</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor CM, Machin S, Wigmore SJ, Goodship TH. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome in the United Kingdom. Br J Haematol 2010;148:37–47</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor CM, Machin S, Wigmore SJ, Goodship TH. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome in the United Kingdom. Br J Haematol 2010;148:37–47</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit92"><label>92</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang DT, Chi H, Lee HC, Chiu NC, Huang FY. T-antigen activation for prediction of pneumococcus-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemolytic anemia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25:608–610</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang DT, Chi H, Lee HC, Chiu NC, Huang FY. T-antigen activation for prediction of pneumococcus-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemolytic anemia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006;25:608–610</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit93"><label>93</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waters AM, Kerecuk L, Luk D, Haq MR, Fitzpatrick MM, Gilbert RD, Inward C, Jones C, Pichon B, Reid C, Slack MP, Van’t Hoff W, Dillon MJ, Taylor CM, Tullus K. Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with invasive pneumococcal disease: the United Kingdom experience. J Pediatr 2007;151:140–144</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waters AM, Kerecuk L, Luk D, Haq MR, Fitzpatrick MM, Gilbert RD, Inward C, Jones C, Pichon B, Reid C, Slack MP, Van’t Hoff W, Dillon MJ, Taylor CM, Tullus K. Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with invasive pneumococcal disease: the United Kingdom experience. J Pediatr 2007;151:140–144</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit94"><label>94</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Copelovitch L, Kaplan BS. Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1951–1956</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Copelovitch L, Kaplan BS. Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1951–1956</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit95"><label>95</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loirat C, Girma JP, Desconclois C, Coppo P, Veyradier A. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura related to severe ADAMTS13 deficiency in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:19–29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loirat C, Girma JP, Desconclois C, Coppo P, Veyradier A. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura related to severe ADAMTS13 deficiency in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:19–29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit96"><label>96</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Bucchioni S, Galbusera M, Donadelli R, Bresin E, Castelletti F, Caprioli J, Brioschi S, Scheiflinger F, Remuzzi G. International Registry of Recurrent and Familial HUS/TTP. Complement factor H mutation in familial thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with ADAMTS13 deficiency and renal involvement. J Am soc Nephrol 2005;16:1177–1183</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Bucchioni S, Galbusera M, Donadelli R, Bresin E, Castelletti F, Caprioli J, Brioschi S, Scheiflinger F, Remuzzi G. International Registry of Recurrent and Familial HUS/TTP. Complement factor H mutation in familial thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with ADAMTS13 deficiency and renal involvement. J Am soc Nephrol 2005;16:1177–1183</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit97"><label>97</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kokame K, Nobe Y, Kokubo Y, Okayama A, Miyata T. FRETSVWF73, a first fluorogenic substrate for ADAMTS13 assay. Br J Haematol 2005;129:93–100</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kokame K, Nobe Y, Kokubo Y, Okayama A, Miyata T. FRETSVWF73, a first fluorogenic substrate for ADAMTS13 assay. Br J Haematol 2005;129:93–100</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit98"><label>98</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bouts AH, Roofthooft MT, Salomons GS, Davin JC. CD46-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with uncommon course caused by cblC deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2547–2548</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bouts AH, Roofthooft MT, Salomons GS, Davin JC. CD46-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with uncommon course caused by cblC deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:2547–2548</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit99"><label>99</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guigonis V, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Giraudier S, Favier R, Borderie D, Massy Z, Mougenot B, Rosenblatt DS, Deschênes G. Late-onset thrombocytic microangiopathy caused by cblC disease: association with a factor H mutation. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:588–595</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guigonis V, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Giraudier S, Favier R, Borderie D, Massy Z, Mougenot B, Rosenblatt DS, Deschênes G. Late-onset thrombocytic microangiopathy caused by cblC disease: association with a factor H mutation. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:588–595</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit100"><label>100</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fakhouri F, Jablonski M, Lepercq J, Blouin J, Benachi A, Hourmant M, Pirson Y, Dürrbach A, Grünfeld JP, Knebelmann B, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Factor H, membrane cofactor protein, and factor I mutations in patients with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome. Blood 2008;112:4542–4545</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fakhouri F, Jablonski M, Lepercq J, Blouin J, Benachi A, Hourmant M, Pirson Y, Dürrbach A, Grünfeld JP, Knebelmann B, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Factor H, membrane cofactor protein, and factor I mutations in patients with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome. Blood 2008;112:4542–4545</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit101"><label>101</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le Quintrec M, Lionet A, Kamar N, Karras A, Barbier S, Buchler M, Fakhouri F, Provost F, Fridman WH, Thervet E, Legendre C, Zuber J, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Complement mutationassociated de novo thrombotic microangiopathy following kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2008;8:1694–1701</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le Quintrec M, Lionet A, Kamar N, Karras A, Barbier S, Buchler M, Fakhouri F, Provost F, Fridman WH, Thervet E, Legendre C, Zuber J, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Complement mutationassociated de novo thrombotic microangiopathy following kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2008;8:1694–1701</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit102"><label>102</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salmon JE, Heuser C, Triebwasser M, Liszewski MK, Kavanagh D, Roumenina L, Branch DW, Goodship T, FremeauxBacchi V, Atkinson JP. Mutations in Complement Regulatory Proteins Predispose to Preeclampsia: A Genetic Analysis of the PROMISSE Cohort. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salmon JE, Heuser C, Triebwasser M, Liszewski MK, Kavanagh D, Roumenina L, Branch DW, Goodship T, FremeauxBacchi V, Atkinson JP. Mutations in Complement Regulatory Proteins Predispose to Preeclampsia: A Genetic Analysis of the PROMISSE Cohort. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit103"><label>103</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loirat C, Garnier A, Sellier-Leclerc AL, Kwon T. Plasmatherapy in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Semin Thromb Hemost 2010;36:673–681</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loirat C, Garnier A, Sellier-Leclerc AL, Kwon T. Plasmatherapy in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Semin Thromb Hemost 2010;36:673–681</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit104"><label>104</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pichette V, Quérin S, Schürch W, Brun G, Lehner-Netsch G, Delâge JM. Familial hemolyticuremic syndrome and homozygous factor H deficiency 1994;24:936–941</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pichette V, Quérin S, Schürch W, Brun G, Lehner-Netsch G, Delâge JM. Familial hemolyticuremic syndrome and homozygous factor H deficiency 1994;24:936–941</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit105"><label>105</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Landau D, Shalev H, Levy-Finer G, Polonsky A, Segev Y, Katchko L. Familial hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement factor H deficiency. J Pediatr 2001;138:412–417</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Landau D, Shalev H, Levy-Finer G, Polonsky A, Segev Y, Katchko L. Familial hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement factor H deficiency. J Pediatr 2001;138:412–417</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit106"><label>106</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nathanson S, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Deschênes G. Successful plasma therapy in hemolytic uremic syndrome with factor H deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:554–556</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nathanson S, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Deschênes G. Successful plasma therapy in hemolytic uremic syndrome with factor H deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:554–556</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit107"><label>107</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nathanson S, Ulinski T, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Deschênes G. Secondary failure of plasma therapy in factor H deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2006;21:1769–1771</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nathanson S, Ulinski T, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Deschênes G. Secondary failure of plasma therapy in factor H deficiency. Pediatr Nephrol 2006;21:1769–1771</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit108"><label>108</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Licht C, Weyersberg A, Heinen S, Stapenhorst L, Devenge J, Beck B, Waldherr R, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Hoppe B. Successful plasma therapy for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by factor H deficiency owing to a novel mutation in the complement cofactor protein domain 15. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:415–421</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Licht C, Weyersberg A, Heinen S, Stapenhorst L, Devenge J, Beck B, Waldherr R, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Hoppe B. Successful plasma therapy for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by factor H deficiency owing to a novel mutation in the complement cofactor protein domain 15. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:415–421</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit109"><label>109</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho HY, Lee BS, Moon KC, Ha IS, Cheong HI, Choi Y. Complete factor H deficiencyassociated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a neonate. Pediatr Nephrol 2007;22:874–880</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho HY, Lee BS, Moon KC, Ha IS, Cheong HI, Choi Y. Complete factor H deficiencyassociated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a neonate. Pediatr Nephrol 2007;22:874–880</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit110"><label>110</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stratton JD, Warwicker P. Successful treatment of factor H-related haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17:684–685</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stratton JD, Warwicker P. Successful treatment of factor H-related haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002;17:684–685</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit111"><label>111</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerber A, Kirchhoff-Moradpour AH, Obieglo S, Brandis M, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Goodship JA, Zimmerhackl LB. Successful (?) therapy of hemolytic-uremic syndrome with factor H abnormality. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:952–955</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerber A, Kirchhoff-Moradpour AH, Obieglo S, Brandis M, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Goodship JA, Zimmerhackl LB. Successful (?) therapy of hemolytic-uremic syndrome with factor H abnormality. Pediatr Nephrol 2003;18:952–955</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit112"><label>112</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Filler G, Radhakrishnan S, Strain L, Hill A, Knoll G, Good ship TH. Challenges in the management of infantile factor H associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2004;19:908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filler G, Radhakrishnan S, Strain L, Hill A, Knoll G, Good ship TH. Challenges in the management of infantile factor H associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2004;19:908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit113"><label>113</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davin JC, Strain L, Goodship THJ. Plasma therapy in atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome: lessons from a family with a factor H mutation. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1517–1521</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davin JC, Strain L, Goodship THJ. Plasma therapy in atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome: lessons from a family with a factor H mutation. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1517–1521</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit114"><label>114</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapeyraque AL, Wagner E, Phan V, Clermont MJ, Merouani A, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Goodship TH, Robitaille P. Efficacy of plasma therapy in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with complement factor H mutations. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;8:1363–1366</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapeyraque AL, Wagner E, Phan V, Clermont MJ, Merouani A, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Goodship TH, Robitaille P. Efficacy of plasma therapy in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with complement factor H mutations. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;8:1363–1366</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit115"><label>115</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De S, Waters AM, Segal AO, Trautmann A, Harvey EA, Licht C. Severe atypical HUS caused by CFH S1191L-case presentation and review of treatment options. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:97–104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De S, Waters AM, Segal AO, Trautmann A, Harvey EA, Licht C. Severe atypical HUS caused by CFH S1191L-case presentation and review of treatment options. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:97–104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit116"><label>116</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ohali M, Shalev H, Schlesinger M, Katz Y, Kachko L, Carmi R, Sofer S, Landau D. Hypocomplementemic autosomal recessive hemolytic uremic syndrome with decreased factor H. Pediatr Nephrol 1998;12:619–624</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ohali M, Shalev H, Schlesinger M, Katz Y, Kachko L, Carmi R, Sofer S, Landau D. Hypocomplementemic autosomal recessive hemolytic uremic syndrome with decreased factor H. Pediatr Nephrol 1998;12:619–624</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit117"><label>117</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abarrategui-Garrido C, Melgosa M, Peña-Carrión A, de Jorge EG, de Córdoba SR, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P. Mutations in proteins of the alternative pathway of complement and the pathogenesis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 2008;52:171–180</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abarrategui-Garrido C, Melgosa M, Peña-Carrión A, de Jorge EG, de Córdoba SR, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P. Mutations in proteins of the alternative pathway of complement and the pathogenesis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 2008;52:171–180</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit118"><label>118</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sethi SK, Dragon-Durey MA, Thaker N, Hari P, Bagga A. Hemolytic uremic syndrome due to homozygous factor H deficiency. Clin Exp Nephrol 2009;13:526–530</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sethi SK, Dragon-Durey MA, Thaker N, Hari P, Bagga A. Hemolytic uremic syndrome due to homozygous factor H deficiency. Clin Exp Nephrol 2009;13:526–530</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit119"><label>119</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nilsson SC, Karpman D, Vaziri-Sani F, Kristoffersson AC, Salomon R, Provot F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Trouw LA, Blom AM. A mutation in factor I that is associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome does not affect the function of factor I in complement regulation. Mol Immunol 2007;44:1835–1844</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nilsson SC, Karpman D, Vaziri-Sani F, Kristoffersson AC, Salomon R, Provot F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Trouw LA, Blom AM. A mutation in factor I that is associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome does not affect the function of factor I in complement regulation. Mol Immunol 2007;44:1835–1844</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit120"><label>120</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davin JC, Buter N, Groothoff J, van Wijk J, Bouts A, Strain L, Goodship T. Prophylactic plasma exchange in CD46- associated atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:1757–1760</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davin JC, Buter N, Groothoff J, van Wijk J, Bouts A, Strain L, Goodship T. Prophylactic plasma exchange in CD46- associated atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2009;24:1757–1760</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit121"><label>121</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chatelet V, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Lobbedez T, Ficheux M, de Ligny BH. Safety and long-term efficacy of eculizumab in a renal transplant patient with recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2009;9:2644–2645</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chatelet V, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Lobbedez T, Ficheux M, de Ligny BH. Safety and long-term efficacy of eculizumab in a renal transplant patient with recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2009;9:2644–2645</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit122"><label>122</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kwon T, Dragon-Durey MA, Macher MA, Baudouin V, Maisin A, Peuchmaur M, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Loirat C. Successful pre-transplant management of a patient with anti-factor H autoantibodies-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:2088–2090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kwon T, Dragon-Durey MA, Macher MA, Baudouin V, Maisin A, Peuchmaur M, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Loirat C. Successful pre-transplant management of a patient with anti-factor H autoantibodies-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23:2088–2090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit123"><label>123</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lionet A, Provot F, Glowacki F, Veronique FremeauxBacchi V, Hazzan M. A case of adult atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome related to anti-factor H autoantibodies successfully treated by plasma exchange, corticosteroids and rituximab. NDT Plus 2009;2:458–460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lionet A, Provot F, Glowacki F, Veronique FremeauxBacchi V, Hazzan M. A case of adult atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome related to anti-factor H autoantibodies successfully treated by plasma exchange, corticosteroids and rituximab. NDT Plus 2009;2:458–460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit124"><label>124</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyer O, Balzamo E, Charbit M, Biebuyck-Gougé N, Salomon R, Dragon-Durey MA, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Niaudet P. Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy and clinical remission in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with anti-complement factor H autoantibodies. Am J Kidney Dis 2010;55:923–927</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyer O, Balzamo E, Charbit M, Biebuyck-Gougé N, Salomon R, Dragon-Durey MA, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Niaudet P. Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy and clinical remission in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with anti-complement factor H autoantibodies. Am J Kidney Dis 2010;55:923–927</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit125"><label>125</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saland JM, Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Consensus Study Group. Liver-kidney transplantation to cure atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:940–949</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saland JM, Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Consensus Study Group. Liver-kidney transplantation to cure atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:940–949</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit126"><label>126</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michon B, Moghrabi A, Winikoff R, Barrette S, Bernstein ML, Champagne J, David M, Duval M, Hume HA, Robitaille N, Bélisle A, Champagne MA. Complications of apheresis in children. Transfusion 2007;47:1837–1842</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michon B, Moghrabi A, Winikoff R, Barrette S, Bernstein ML, Champagne J, David M, Duval M, Hume HA, Robitaille N, Bélisle A, Champagne MA. Complications of apheresis in children. Transfusion 2007;47:1837–1842</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit127"><label>127</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Witt V, Stegmayr B, Ptak J, Wikström B, Berlin G, Axelsson CG, Griskevicius A, Centoni PE, Liumbruno GM, Molfettini P, Audzijoniene J, Mokvist K, Sojka BN, Norda R, Ramlow W, Blaha M, Evergren M, Tomaz J. World apheresis registry data from 2003 to 2007, the pediatric and adolescent side of the registry. Transfus Apher Sci 2008;39:255–260</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Witt V, Stegmayr B, Ptak J, Wikström B, Berlin G, Axelsson CG, Griskevicius A, Centoni PE, Liumbruno GM, Molfettini P, Audzijoniene J, Mokvist K, Sojka BN, Norda R, Ramlow W, Blaha M, Evergren M, Tomaz J. World apheresis registry data from 2003 to 2007, the pediatric and adolescent side of the registry. Transfus Apher Sci 2008;39:255–260</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit128"><label>128</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bresin E, Daina E, Noris M, Castelletti F, Stefanov R, Hill P, Goodship HT, Remuzzi G. Outcome of renal transplantation in patients with Non-Shiga-Toxin associated hemolytic syndrome: prognostic significance of genetic background. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:88–99</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bresin E, Daina E, Noris M, Castelletti F, Stefanov R, Hill P, Goodship HT, Remuzzi G. Outcome of renal transplantation in patients with Non-Shiga-Toxin associated hemolytic syndrome: prognostic significance of genetic background. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:88–99</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit129"><label>129</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loirat C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Hemolytic uremic syndrome recurrence after renal transplantation. Pediatr Transpl 2008;12:619–629</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loirat C, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Hemolytic uremic syndrome recurrence after renal transplantation. Pediatr Transpl 2008;12:619–629</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit130"><label>130</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2010;10:1517–1523</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noris M, Remuzzi G. Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2010;10:1517–1523</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit131"><label>131</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zuber J, Le Quintrec M, Sberro-Soussan R, Loirat C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Legendre C. New insights into postrenal transplant hemolytic uremic syndrome. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011;7:23–35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zuber J, Le Quintrec M, Sberro-Soussan R, Loirat C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Legendre C. New insights into postrenal transplant hemolytic uremic syndrome. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011;7:23–35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit132"><label>132</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan MR, Thomas CP, Torrealba JR, Djamali A, Fernandez LA, Nishimura CJ, Smith RJ, Samaniego MD. Recurrent atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with factor I mutation in a living related renal transplant recipient. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53:321–326</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan MR, Thomas CP, Torrealba JR, Djamali A, Fernandez LA, Nishimura CJ, Smith RJ, Samaniego MD. Recurrent atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with factor I mutation in a living related renal transplant recipient. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53:321–326</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit133"><label>133</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le Quintrec M, Zuber J, Noel LH, Thervet E, FrémeauxBacchi V, Niaudet P, Fridman WH, Legendre C, Dragon-Durey MA. Anti-Factor H autoantibodies in a fifth renal transplant recipient with atypical hemolytic and uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1223–1229</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le Quintrec M, Zuber J, Noel LH, Thervet E, FrémeauxBacchi V, Niaudet P, Fridman WH, Legendre C, Dragon-Durey MA. Anti-Factor H autoantibodies in a fifth renal transplant recipient with atypical hemolytic and uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1223–1229</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit134"><label>134</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waters AM, Pappworth I, Marchbank K, Bockenhauer D, Tullus K, Pickering MC, Strain L, Sebire N, Shroff R, Marks SD, Goodship TH, Rees L. Successful renal transplantation in factor H autoantibody associated HUS with CFHR1 and 3 deficiency and CFH variant G2850T. Am J Transplant 2010;10:168–172</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waters AM, Pappworth I, Marchbank K, Bockenhauer D, Tullus K, Pickering MC, Strain L, Sebire N, Shroff R, Marks SD, Goodship TH, Rees L. Successful renal transplantation in factor H autoantibody associated HUS with CFHR1 and 3 deficiency and CFH variant G2850T. Am J Transplant 2010;10:168–172</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit135"><label>135</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oyen O, Strøm EH, Midtvedt K, Bentdal O, Hartmann A, Bergan S, Pfeffer P, Brekke IB. Calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression in renal allograft recipients with thrombotic microangiopathy/hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2006;6:412–418</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oyen O, Strøm EH, Midtvedt K, Bentdal O, Hartmann A, Bergan S, Pfeffer P, Brekke IB. Calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression in renal allograft recipients with thrombotic microangiopathy/hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Transplant 2006;6:412–418</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit136"><label>136</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirt-Minkowski P, Schaub S, Mayr M, Schifferli JA, Dickenmann M, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Steiger J. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome caused by factor H mutation: is single kidney transplantation under intensive plasmatherapy an option? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:3548–3551</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirt-Minkowski P, Schaub S, Mayr M, Schifferli JA, Dickenmann M, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Steiger J. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome caused by factor H mutation: is single kidney transplantation under intensive plasmatherapy an option? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:3548–3551</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit137"><label>137</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davin JC, Gracchi V, Bouts A, Groothoff J, Strain L, Goodship T. Maintenance of Kidney Function Following Treatment With Eculizumab and Discontinuation of Plasma Exchange After a Third Kidney Transplant for Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Associated With a CFH Mutation. Am J Kidney Dis 2010;55:708–711</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davin JC, Gracchi V, Bouts A, Groothoff J, Strain L, Goodship T. Maintenance of Kidney Function Following Treatment With Eculizumab and Discontinuation of Plasma Exchange After a Third Kidney Transplant for Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Associated With a CFH Mutation. Am J Kidney Dis 2010;55:708–711</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit138"><label>138</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albertazzi V, Bonucchi D, De Amicis S, Americo C, Ghiandai G, Cappelli G. A favorable 3-year outcome of kidney transplantation in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a factor H mutation: case report. Transplant Proc 2010;42:1352–1354</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albertazzi V, Bonucchi D, De Amicis S, Americo C, Ghiandai G, Cappelli G. A favorable 3-year outcome of kidney transplantation in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a factor H mutation: case report. Transplant Proc 2010;42:1352–1354</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit139"><label>139</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cruzado JM, de Córdoba SR, Melilli E, Bestard O, Rama I, Sánchez-Corral P, López-Trascasa M, Navarro I, Torras J, Gomà M, Grinyó JM. Successful renal transplantation in a patient with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome carrying mutations in both factor I and MCP. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1477–1483</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cruzado JM, de Córdoba SR, Melilli E, Bestard O, Rama I, Sánchez-Corral P, López-Trascasa M, Navarro I, Torras J, Gomà M, Grinyó JM. Successful renal transplantation in a patient with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome carrying mutations in both factor I and MCP. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1477–1483</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit140"><label>140</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Codazzi D, Noris M, Caprioli J, Locatelli G, Gridelli B. Combined kidney and liver transplantation for familial haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Lancet 2002;359:1671– 1672</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Codazzi D, Noris M, Caprioli J, Locatelli G, Gridelli B. Combined kidney and liver transplantation for familial haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Lancet 2002;359:1671– 1672</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit141"><label>141</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Colledan M, Gridelli B, Bertani A, Bettinaglio P, Bucchioni S, Sonzogni A, Bonanomi E, Sonzogni V, Platt JL, Perico N, Noris M. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: a fatal outcome after kidney and liver transplantation performed to correct factor h gene mutation. Am J Transplant 2005;5:1146–1150</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Colledan M, Gridelli B, Bertani A, Bettinaglio P, Bucchioni S, Sonzogni A, Bonanomi E, Sonzogni V, Platt JL, Perico N, Noris M. Hemolytic uremic syndrome: a fatal outcome after kidney and liver transplantation performed to correct factor h gene mutation. Am J Transplant 2005;5:1146–1150</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit142"><label>142</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheong HI, Lee BS, Kang HG, Hahn H, Suh KS, Ha IS, Choi Y. Attempted treatment of factor H deficiency by liver transplantation. Pediatr Nephrol 2004;19:454–458</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheong HI, Lee BS, Kang HG, Hahn H, Suh KS, Ha IS, Choi Y. Attempted treatment of factor H deficiency by liver transplantation. Pediatr Nephrol 2004;19:454–458</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit143"><label>143</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saland JM, Emre SH, Shneider BL, Benchimol C, Ames S, Bromberg JS, Remuzzi G, Strain L, Goodship TH. Favorable long-term outcome after liver-kidney transplant for recurrent hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a factor H mutation. Am J Transplant 2006;6:19481952</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saland JM, Emre SH, Shneider BL, Benchimol C, Ames S, Bromberg JS, Remuzzi G, Strain L, Goodship TH. Favorable long-term outcome after liver-kidney transplant for recurrent hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a factor H mutation. Am J Transplant 2006;6:19481952</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit144"><label>144</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jalanko H, Peltonen S, Koskinen A, Puntila J, Isoniemi H, Holmberg C, Pinomäki A, Armstrong E, Koivusalo A, Tukiainen E, Mäkisalo H, Saland J, Remuzzi G, de Cordoba S, Lassila R, Meri S, Jokiranta TS. Successful liver-kidney transplantation in two children with aHUS caused by a mutation in complement factor H. Am J Transplant 2008;8:216–221</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jalanko H, Peltonen S, Koskinen A, Puntila J, Isoniemi H, Holmberg C, Pinomäki A, Armstrong E, Koivusalo A, Tukiainen E, Mäkisalo H, Saland J, Remuzzi G, de Cordoba S, Lassila R, Meri S, Jokiranta TS. Successful liver-kidney transplantation in two children with aHUS caused by a mutation in complement factor H. Am J Transplant 2008;8:216–221</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit145"><label>145</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saland JM, Shneider BL, Bromberg JS, Shi PA, Ward SC, Magid MS, Benchimol C, Seikaly MG, Emre SH, Bresin E, Remuzzi G. Successful split liver-kidney transplant for factor H associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:201–206</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saland JM, Shneider BL, Bromberg JS, Shi PA, Ward SC, Magid MS, Benchimol C, Seikaly MG, Emre SH, Bresin E, Remuzzi G. Successful split liver-kidney transplant for factor H associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:201–206</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit146"><label>146</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haller W, Milford DV, Goodship TH, Sharif K, Mirza DF, McKiernan PJ. Successful Isolated Liver Transplantation in a Child with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and a Mutation in Complement Factor H. Am J Transplant 2010;10:2142–2147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haller W, Milford DV, Goodship TH, Sharif K, Mirza DF, McKiernan PJ. Successful Isolated Liver Transplantation in a Child with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and a Mutation in Complement Factor H. Am J Transplant 2010;10:2142–2147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit147"><label>147</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilson C, Torpey N, Jaques B, Strain L, Talbot D, Manas D, Goodship T. Successful simultaneous liver-kidney transplant in an adult with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a mutation in complement factor H. Am J Kidney Dis 2011;58:109–112</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilson C, Torpey N, Jaques B, Strain L, Talbot D, Manas D, Goodship T. Successful simultaneous liver-kidney transplant in an adult with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a mutation in complement factor H. Am J Kidney Dis 2011;58:109–112</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit148"><label>148</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salant DJ. Targeting Complement C5 in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:7–9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salant DJ. Targeting Complement C5 in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:7–9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit149"><label>149</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brodsky RA. Advances in the diagnosis and therapy of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood Rev 2008;22:65–74</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodsky RA. Advances in the diagnosis and therapy of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood Rev 2008;22:65–74</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit150"><label>150</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parker C. Eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Lancet 2009;373:759-767</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parker C. Eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Lancet 2009;373:759-767</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit151"><label>151</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly RJ, Hill A, Arnold LM, Brooksbank GL, Richards SJ, Cullen M, Mitchell LD, Cohen DR, Gregory WM, Hillmen P. Long-term treatment with eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: sustained efficacy and improved survival. Blood 2011;117:6786–6792</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly RJ, Hill A, Arnold LM, Brooksbank GL, Richards SJ, Cullen M, Mitchell LD, Cohen DR, Gregory WM, Hillmen P. Long-term treatment with eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: sustained efficacy and improved survival. Blood 2011;117:6786–6792</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit152"><label>152</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosales A, Riedl M, Zimmerhackl LB. Thrombotic microangiopathy: atypical HUS: current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Nat Rev Nephrol 2010;6:504–506</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosales A, Riedl M, Zimmerhackl LB. Thrombotic microangiopathy: atypical HUS: current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Nat Rev Nephrol 2010;6:504–506</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit153"><label>153</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waters AM, Licht C. aHUS caused by complement dysregulation: new therapies on the horizon. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:41–57</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waters AM, Licht C. aHUS caused by complement dysregulation: new therapies on the horizon. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:41–57</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit154"><label>154</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ram S, Lewis LA, Rice PA. Infections of people with complement deficiencies and patients who have undergone splenectomy. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010;23:740–780</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ram S, Lewis LA, Rice PA. Infections of people with complement deficiencies and patients who have undergone splenectomy. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010;23:740–780</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit155"><label>155</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gruppo RA, Rother RP. Eculizumab for congenital atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;360:544–546</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gruppo RA, Rother RP. Eculizumab for congenital atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;360:544–546</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit156"><label>156</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fremont OT, Gordon CA, Hand MM. Eculizumab treatment for aHUS in a child with positive family history. PUB715, 42nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, San Diego, California, USA. 2009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fremont OT, Gordon CA, Hand MM. Eculizumab treatment for aHUS in a child with positive family history. PUB715, 42nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, San Diego, California, USA. 2009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit157"><label>157</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mache CJ, Acham-Roschitz B, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Roedl S, Vester U, Ring E. Complement inhibitor eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:1312–1316</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mache CJ, Acham-Roschitz B, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Kirschfink M, Zipfel PF, Roedl S, Vester U, Ring E. Complement inhibitor eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:1312–1316</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit158"><label>158</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Köse O, Zimmerhackl LB, Jungraithmayr T, Mache C, Nürnberger J. New treatment options for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with the complement inhibitor eculizumab. Semin Thromb Hemost 2010;36:669–672</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Köse O, Zimmerhackl LB, Jungraithmayr T, Mache C, Nürnberger J. New treatment options for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with the complement inhibitor eculizumab. Semin Thromb Hemost 2010;36:669–672</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit159"><label>159</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lapeyraque AL, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Robitaille P. Efficacy of eculizumab in a patient with factor-H-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:621–624</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapeyraque AL, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Robitaille P. Efficacy of eculizumab in a patient with factor-H-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:621–624</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit160"><label>160</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prescott HC, Wu HM, Cataland SR, Baiocchi RA. Eculizumab therapy in an adult with plasma exchange-refractory atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Hematol 2010;5:976–977</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prescott HC, Wu HM, Cataland SR, Baiocchi RA. Eculizumab therapy in an adult with plasma exchange-refractory atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Hematol 2010;5:976–977</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit161"><label>161</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ohanian M, Cable C, Halka K. Eculizumab safely reverses neurologic impairment and eliminates need for dialysis in severe atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin Pharmacology: Advances and Applications 2011;3:5–12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ohanian M, Cable C, Halka K. Eculizumab safely reverses neurologic impairment and eliminates need for dialysis in severe atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. Clin Pharmacology: Advances and Applications 2011;3:5–12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit162"><label>162</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nürnberger J, Philipp T, Witzke O, Opazo Saez A, Vester U, Baba HA, Kribben A, Zimmerhackl LB, Janecke AR, Nagel M, Kirschfink M. Eculizumab for atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;360:542–544</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nürnberger J, Philipp T, Witzke O, Opazo Saez A, Vester U, Baba HA, Kribben A, Zimmerhackl LB, Janecke AR, Nagel M, Kirschfink M. Eculizumab for atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2009;360:542–544</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit163"><label>163</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Châtelet V, Lobbedez T, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Ficheux M, Ryckelynck JP, Hurault de Ligny B. Eculizumab: safety and efficacy after 17 months of treatment in a renal transplant patient with recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome: case report. Transplant Proc 2010;42:4353–4355</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Châtelet V, Lobbedez T, Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Ficheux M, Ryckelynck JP, Hurault de Ligny B. Eculizumab: safety and efficacy after 17 months of treatment in a renal transplant patient with recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome: case report. Transplant Proc 2010;42:4353–4355</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit164"><label>164</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Legault DJ, Boelkins MR. Successful treatment of aHUS recurrence and arrest of plasma exchange resistant TMA post-renal transplantation with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab. Poster 2421, 51st Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, New Orleans, LA, USA. 2009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Legault DJ, Boelkins MR. Successful treatment of aHUS recurrence and arrest of plasma exchange resistant TMA post-renal transplantation with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab. Poster 2421, 51st Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, New Orleans, LA, USA. 2009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit165"><label>165</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larrea CF, Cofan F, Oppenheimer F, Campistol JM, Escolar G, Lozano M. Efficacy of eculizumab in the treatment of recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome after renal transplantation. Transplantation 2010;89:903–904</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larrea CF, Cofan F, Oppenheimer F, Campistol JM, Escolar G, Lozano M. Efficacy of eculizumab in the treatment of recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome after renal transplantation. Transplantation 2010;89:903–904</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit166"><label>166</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Akash SI, Almond PS, Savell VH Jr, Gharaybeh SI, Hogue C. Eculizumab induces longterm remission in recurrent post-transplant HUS associated with C3 gene mutation. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:613–619</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Akash SI, Almond PS, Savell VH Jr, Gharaybeh SI, Hogue C. Eculizumab induces longterm remission in recurrent post-transplant HUS associated with C3 gene mutation. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:613–619</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit167"><label>167</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimmerhackl LB, Hofer J, Cortina G, Mark W, Wurzner R, Jungraithmayr TC, Khursigara G, Kliche KO, Radauer W. Prophylactic eculizumab after renal transplantation in atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1746–1748</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zimmerhackl LB, Hofer J, Cortina G, Mark W, Wurzner R, Jungraithmayr TC, Khursigara G, Kliche KO, Radauer W. Prophylactic eculizumab after renal transplantation in atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1746–1748</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit168"><label>168</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weitz M, Amon O, Bassler D, Koenigsrainer A, Nadalin S. Prophylactic eculizumab prior to kidney transplantation for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:1325–1329</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weitz M, Amon O, Bassler D, Koenigsrainer A, Nadalin S. Prophylactic eculizumab prior to kidney transplantation for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:1325–1329</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit169"><label>169</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nester C, Stewart Z, Myers D, Jetton J, Nair R, Reed A, Thomas C, Smith R, Brophy P. Pre-emptive Eculizumab and Plasmapheresis for Renal Transplant in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;6:1488–1494</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nester C, Stewart Z, Myers D, Jetton J, Nair R, Reed A, Thomas C, Smith R, Brophy P. Pre-emptive Eculizumab and Plasmapheresis for Renal Transplant in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;6:1488–1494</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit170"><label>170</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Legendre C, Babu S, Furman RR, Sheerin NS, Cohen DJ, Gaber AO, Eitner F, Delmas Y, Loirat c, Greenbaum LA, Zimmerhackl LB. Safety and efficacy of Eculizumab in aHUS resistant to plasma Therapy: interim analysis from a Phase II trial. FC 406, 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Denver, CO, USA. 2010. pp. 16–21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Legendre C, Babu S, Furman RR, Sheerin NS, Cohen DJ, Gaber AO, Eitner F, Delmas Y, Loirat c, Greenbaum LA, Zimmerhackl LB. Safety and efficacy of Eculizumab in aHUS resistant to plasma Therapy: interim analysis from a Phase II trial. FC 406, 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Denver, CO, USA. 2010. pp. 16–21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit171"><label>171</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muus P, Legendre C, Douglas K, Hourmant M, Delmas Y, Herthelius BM, Trivelli A, Loirat C, Goodship TH, Licht C. Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in aHUS patients on chronic plasma therapy: Interim analysis of a phase II trial. Poster 1274, 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Denver, CO, USA. 2010. pp. 16–21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muus P, Legendre C, Douglas K, Hourmant M, Delmas Y, Herthelius BM, Trivelli A, Loirat C, Goodship TH, Licht C. Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in aHUS patients on chronic plasma therapy: Interim analysis of a phase II trial. Poster 1274, 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, Denver, CO, USA. 2010. pp. 16–21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit172"><label>172</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">List of the various Open Label Multicenter Trials of Eculizumab In Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. http:// clinicaltrials.gov</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">List of the various Open Label Multicenter Trials of Eculizumab In Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. http:// clinicaltrials.gov</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit173"><label>173</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emlen W, Li W, Kirschfink M. Therapeutic complement inhibition: new developments. 2010;36:660–668</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emlen W, Li W, Kirschfink M. Therapeutic complement inhibition: new developments. 2010;36:660–668</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit174"><label>174</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fakhouri F, de Jorge EG, Brune F, Azam P, Cook HT, Pickering MC. Treatment with human complement factor H rapidly reverses renal complement deposition in factor H-deficient mice. Kidney Int 2010;78:279–286</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fakhouri F, de Jorge EG, Brune F, Azam P, Cook HT, Pickering MC. Treatment with human complement factor H rapidly reverses renal complement deposition in factor H-deficient mice. Kidney Int 2010;78:279–286</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit175"><label>175</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidt CQ, Slingsby FC, Richards A, Barlow PN. Production of biologically active complement factor H in therapeutically useful quantities. Protein Expr Purif 2011;76:254–263</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt CQ, Slingsby FC, Richards A, Barlow PN. Production of biologically active complement factor H in therapeutically useful quantities. Protein Expr Purif 2011;76:254–263</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit176"><label>176</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Büttner-Mainik A, Parsons J, Jérôme H, Hartmann A, Lamer S, Schaaf A, Schlosser A, Zipfel PF, Reski R, Decker EL. Production of biologically active recombinant human factor H in Physcomitrella. Plant Biotechnol J 2011;9:373–383</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Büttner-Mainik A, Parsons J, Jérôme H, Hartmann A, Lamer S, Schaaf A, Schlosser A, Zipfel PF, Reski R, Decker EL. Production of biologically active recombinant human factor H in Physcomitrella. Plant Biotechnol J 2011;9:373–383</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit177"><label>177</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loirat C, Macher MA, Elmaleh-Berges M, Kwon T, Deschênes G, Goodship TH, Majoie C, Davin JC, Blanc R, Savatovsky J, Moret J, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Non-atheromatous arterial stenoses in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with complement dysregulation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:3421–3425</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loirat C, Macher MA, Elmaleh-Berges M, Kwon T, Deschênes G, Goodship TH, Majoie C, Davin JC, Blanc R, Savatovsky J, Moret J, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Non-atheromatous arterial stenoses in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with complement dysregulation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:3421–3425</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit178"><label>178</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davin JC, Majoie C, Groothoff J, Gracchi V, Bouts A, Goodship TH, Loirat C. Prevention of large-vessel stenoses in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement dysregulation. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:155–157</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davin JC, Majoie C, Groothoff J, Gracchi V, Bouts A, Goodship TH, Loirat C. Prevention of large-vessel stenoses in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with complement dysregulation. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;26:155–157</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
