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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2006-10-3-23-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-604</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФАКТОРЫ, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С ЗУДОМ У БОЛЬНЫХ НА ГЕМОДИАЛИЗЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PRURITUS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимоховская</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timokhovskaya</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челноков</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelnokov</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хадикова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khadikova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельник</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnik</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамовский</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramovsky</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N. Vasiliev, G.Yu. Timokhovskaya,&#13;
B.N. Chelnokov, N.G. Khadikova, S.I. Melnik, S.V. Abramovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волков М.М., Смирнов А.В., Васильев А.Н., Тимоховская Г.Ю., Челноков Б.Н., Хадикова Н.Г., Мельник С.И., Абрамовский С.В., 2006</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2006</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волков М.М., Смирнов А.В., Васильев А.Н., Тимоховская Г.Ю., Челноков Б.Н., Хадикова Н.Г., Мельник С.И., Абрамовский С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkov M.M., Smirnov A.V., Vasiliev A.N., Timokhovskaya G.Y., Chelnokov B.N., Khadikova N.G., Melnik S.I., Abramovsky S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/604">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/604</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Определить распространенность зуда у больных с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью, получающих лечение гемодиализом (ГД), и определить факторы, влияющие на его интенсивность. ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследовано 230 больных (128 мужчин и 102 женщины), получающих хронический бикарбонатный ГД в 4 отделениях. Возраст пациентов варьировал от 20 до 80 лет, в среднем – 50,8±11,9 лет (M±SD), длительность ГД в среднем составляла 82±66,8 мес. Зуд оценивался при анкетировании пациентов в баллах (сумма по интенсивности, распространенности и длительности) и по визуальной аналоговой шкале. Кроме обычных клинических и биохимических показателей на ГД у части больных выполнены эхокардиография, денситометрия 3 отделов скелета методом двухэнергетической рентгеновской денситометрии. Оценивалась проводимая медикаментозная и диализная терапия. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ.В момент обследования зуд присутствовал у 63% пациентов, еще у 13% зуд отмечался в прошлом. Преобладал зуд небольшой интенсивности (у 52,2% пациентов) с наиболее частой локализацией в области спины (у 55,8%). Зуд встречался чаще и был интенсивнее у пациентов старшего возраста (t=2,21; p=0,028), при более высоких уровнях кальция (t=2,08; p=0,039) и креатинина крови до ГД (t=2,38; p=0,018), более низкой минеральной плотности костей предплечья (t=2,91; p=0,0058), при более выраженных рентгенологических изменения аорты (уплотнение, кальциноз; t=3,04; p=0,03), у пациентов с наличием стенокардии, особенно тяжелой (t=2,72; p=0,007), у пациентов с одышкой (t=2,68; p=0,008), а также при использовании диализаторов, стерилизованных этиленоксидом (t=2,62; p=0,001). ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Уремический зуд часто встречается у диализных больных. Более выраженный зуд наблюдался у пациентов старшего возраста, при нарушении фосфорно-кальциевого баланса (более высоком кальции крови до ГД, более низкой минеральной плотности костей), при более высоком уровне азотемии, при патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы (наличии стенокардии, одышки, рентгенологических изменений аорты) и при использовании определенного типа диализаторов (с химической стерилизацией мембраны).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>THE AIM of the study was to investigate incidence of uremic pruritus and factors influencing the intensity of pruritus in hemodialysis patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS. 230 patients on chronic bicarbonate hemodialysis (Males/Females = 128/102) were investigated. Mean age of the patients was 50.8 ±11.9 (M±SD) (20-80 years), mean dialysis duration – 82 ± 66.8 months. The intensity of pruritus was assessed by a questionnaire scoring method (sum of scores of the pruritus intensity, distribution and frequency) and by a visual analog scale. Standard clinical and biochemical parameters were investigated in all patients. Echocardiography and bone densitometry (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) were made in part of the patients. Medical and dialysis therapy were assessed. RESULTS. Uremic pruritus was frequently noted in hemodialysis patients: 63% of the patients complained of pruritus in the time of investigation and 13% - in the past. Pruritus was mild in the majority of the patients. The most frequent localization was the back. The factors negatively influencing the intensity of pruritus were revealed: older age (t=2.21; p= 0.028), higher serum calcium (t=2.08; p= 0.039) and creatinine before dialysis (t=2.38; p=0,018), low bone mineral density of forearm (t=2.91; p= 0.0058), X-ray changes of the thoracic aorta (sclerosis and calcification, t=3.04; p=0.03), in patients with stenocardia, especially in a severe form (t=2.72; p= 0.007), the presence of dyspnoe (t=2.68; p=0.008), use of the dialysers sterilized with ethylene oxide (t=2.62; p=0.001). CONCLUSION. Uremic pruritus frequently occurs in patients on hemodialysis. The factors responsible for severity of pruritus are older age, impaired calcium-phosphorus balance (higher serum calcium before diaslysis, low bone mineral density), higher azotemia, cardiovascular pathology (stenocardia, dyspnoe, X-ray changes of the aorta), use of dialysers sterilized chemically.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уремический зуд</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>фосфорно-кальциевый баланс</kwd><kwd>патология сердечно-сосудистой системы</kwd><kwd>костная патология</kwd><kwd>диализаторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uremic pruritus</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>calcium phosphorus balance</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular pathology</kwd><kwd>bone pathology</kwd><kwd>dialysers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robertson KE, Mueller BA. Uremic pruritus. 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