<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2006-10-4-7-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LEADING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СНИЖЕНИЕ  СКОРОСТИ  КЛУБОЧКОВОЙ  ФИЛЬТРАЦИИ  КАК  НЕЗАВИСИМЫЙ  ФАКТОР  РИСКА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ  БОЛЕЗНИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>REDUCTION  OF THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION  RATE AS AN  INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR OF THE CARDIO-VASCULAR  DISEASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Од-Эрдэне</surname><given-names>Лхаахуу</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Od-Erdene</surname><given-names>Lhaahuu</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каюков</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kayukov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добронравов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobronravov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панина</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panina</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, факультетской хирургии, нефрологии и диализа</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета им. акад.  И.П.  Павлова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнов А.В., Седов В.М., Од-Эрдэне Л., Каюков И.Г., Добронравов В.А., Панина И.Ю., 2006</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2006</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов А.В., Седов В.М., Од-Эрдэне Л., Каюков И.Г., Добронравов В.А., Панина И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov A.V., Sedov V.M., Od-Erdene L., Kayukov I.G., Dobronravov V.A., Panina I.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/666">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/666</self-uri><abstract><p>.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая болезнь</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>скорость клубочковой фильтрации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>glomerular filtration rate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lindner A, Charra B, Sherrard DJ. Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 1974; 290: 697-701</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lindner A, Charra B, Sherrard DJ. Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 1974; 290: 697-701</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: S16-S23</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: S16-S23</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dhingra H, Zaski ME. Outcomes research in dialysis. Semin Nephrol 2003; 23: 295-305</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dhingra H, Zaski ME. Outcomes research in dialysis. Semin Nephrol 2003; 23: 295-305</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheung AK, Sarnak MJ, Jan G et al. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 353-362</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheung AK, Sarnak MJ, Jan G et al. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 353-362</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joki N, Hase H, Nakamura R, Jamaguchi T. Onset of coronary artery disease prior to initiation of hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 718-723</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joki N, Hase H, Nakamura R, Jamaguchi T. Onset of coronary artery disease prior to initiation of hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 718-723</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Козлов ВВ. Клинические проявления атеросклероза у больных на гемодиализе. Нефрология 1998; 2(2): 68-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Козлов ВВ. Клинические проявления атеросклероза у больных на гемодиализе. Нефрология 1998; 2(2): 68-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jungers P, Massy Z, Khoa T et al. Incidence and risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular accidents in predialysis chronic renal failure patients: a prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 2597-2602</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jungers P, Massy Z, Khoa T et al. Incidence and risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular accidents in predialysis chronic renal failure patients: a prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12: 2597-2602</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shoji T, Emoto M, Tabata T et al. Advanced atherosclerosis in predialysis patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 2002; 61: 2187-2192</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shoji T, Emoto M, Tabata T et al. Advanced atherosclerosis in predialysis patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 2002; 61: 2187-2192</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руденко ТЕ, Кутырина ИМ, Кушнир ВВ, Швецов МЮ. Факторы, влияющие на состояние комплекса интима-медиа сонных и бедренных артерий в начальных стадиях хронической почечной недостаточности. Тер арх 2005; (6): 46-50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Руденко ТЕ, Кутырина ИМ, Кушнир ВВ, Швецов МЮ. Факторы, влияющие на состояние комплекса интима-медиа сонных и бедренных артерий в начальных стадиях хронической почечной недостаточности. Тер арх 2005; (6): 46-50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mann JFE, Gerstein HC, Pogue J et al. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: the HOPE randomized trial. Ann Int Med 2001; 134: 629-636</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mann JFE, Gerstein HC, Pogue J et al. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: the HOPE randomized trial. Ann Int Med 2001; 134: 629-636</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McClellan WM, Langston RD, Presley R. Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease have a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and a high rate of progression to end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1912-1919</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McClellan WM, Langston RD, Presley R. Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease have a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and a high rate of progression to end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1912-1919</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Ahmat A, Hand WM, Maanjuna G et al. Reduced kidney function and anemia as risk factors for mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Col Cardiol 2001; 38: 955-962</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Ahmat A, Hand WM, Maanjuna G et al. Reduced kidney function and anemia as risk factors for mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Col Cardiol 2001; 38: 955-962</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlipak MG, Smith GZ, Rathore SS et al. Renal function, digoxin therapy, and heart failure outcomes: Evidence from the digoxin intervention group trial. J Am Soc Nephro l2004; 15: 2195-2203</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlipak MG, Smith GZ, Rathore SS et al. Renal function, digoxin therapy, and heart failure outcomes: Evidence from the digoxin intervention group trial. J Am Soc Nephro l2004; 15: 2195-2203</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anavekar NS, McMurray JJ, Velazguez EJ et al. Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1285-1295</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anavekar NS, McMurray JJ, Velazguez EJ et al. Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1285-1295</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hillege HZ, Girbes AR, de Kam PF et al. Renal function, neurohormonal activation, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000; 102: 203-210</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hillege HZ, Girbes AR, de Kam PF et al. Renal function, neurohormonal activation, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000; 102: 203-210</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hillege HZ, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ et al. Accelerated decline and prognostic impact of renal function after myocardial infarction and the benefits of AGE inhibition: the CATS randomized trial. Eur Heart J 2003; 24: 412-420</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hillege HZ, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ et al. Accelerated decline and prognostic impact of renal function after myocardial infarction and the benefits of AGE inhibition: the CATS randomized trial. Eur Heart J 2003; 24: 412-420</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCullough PA, Soman SS, Shah SS et al. Risks associated with renal dysfunction in patients in the coronary care unit. J Am Col Cardiol 2000; 36: 679-684</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCullough PA, Soman SS, Shah SS et al. Risks associated with renal dysfunction in patients in the coronary care unit. J Am Col Cardiol 2000; 36: 679-684</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlipak M, Heidenreich PA, Noguchi H et al. Association of renal insufficiency with treatment and outcomes after myocardial infarction in elderly patients. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 555-562</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlipak M, Heidenreich PA, Noguchi H et al. Association of renal insufficiency with treatment and outcomes after myocardial infarction in elderly patients. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 555-562</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wright SR, Reeder GS, Herzog CH et al. Acute myocardial infarction and renal dysfunction: a high risk combination. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 563-570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wright SR, Reeder GS, Herzog CH et al. Acute myocardial infarction and renal dysfunction: a high risk combination. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 563-570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones CA. Hypertension and renal dysfunction: NHANES III. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: S71-S75</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones CA. Hypertension and renal dysfunction: NHANES III. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: S71-S75</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Segura J, Campo C, Gil P et al. Development of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular prognosis in essential hypertensive patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1616-1622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Segura J, Campo C, Gil P et al. Development of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular prognosis in essential hypertensive patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1616-1622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Perry IJ. Serum creatinine concentration and risk of cardiovascular disease: A possible marker of increased risk for stroke. Stroke 1997; 28: 557-563</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Perry IJ. Serum creatinine concentration and risk of cardiovascular disease: A possible marker of increased risk for stroke. Stroke 1997; 28: 557-563</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seliger SZ, Siscovick DS, Stehman-Breen CO et al. Moderate renal impairment and risk of dementia among older adults: the cardiovascular health cognition study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1904-1911</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seliger SZ, Siscovick DS, Stehman-Breen CO et al. Moderate renal impairment and risk of dementia among older adults: the cardiovascular health cognition study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1904-1911</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahman M, Brown CD, Coresh J et al. The prevalence of reduced glomerular filtration rate in older hypertensive patients and its association with cardiovascular disease: a report from the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to patients heart attack trial. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 969-976</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahman M, Brown CD, Coresh J et al. The prevalence of reduced glomerular filtration rate in older hypertensive patients and its association with cardiovascular disease: a report from the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to patients heart attack trial. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 969-976</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Kidney Foundation KD: Clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39 [Suppl 1]: S1-S266</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Kidney Foundation KD: Clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39 [Suppl 1]: S1-S266</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Есаян АМ, Каюков ИГ. Хроническая болезнь почек: на пути к единству представлений. Нефрология 2002; 6(4): 11-17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Есаян АМ, Каюков ИГ. Хроническая болезнь почек: на пути к единству представлений. Нефрология 2002; 6(4): 11-17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Каюков ИГ, Есаян АМ, Добронравов ВА, Кучер АГ, Тугушева ФА. Превентивный подход в современной нефрологии. Нефрология 2004; 8(3): 7-14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Каюков ИГ, Есаян АМ, Добронравов ВА, Кучер АГ, Тугушева ФА. Превентивный подход в современной нефрологии. Нефрология 2004; 8(3): 7-14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vanholder R, Massy Z, Argiles A et al. Chronic kidney disease as cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 1048-1056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vanholder R, Massy Z, Argiles A et al. Chronic kidney disease as cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 1048-1056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reddan DN, Szczech LA, Tuttb RH. Chronic kidney disease, mortality and treatment strategies among patients with clinically significant coronary artery disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 2373-2380</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reddan DN, Szczech LA, Tuttb RH. Chronic kidney disease, mortality and treatment strategies among patients with clinically significant coronary artery disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 2373-2380</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manjunath G, Tighiouart H, Coresh et al. Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1121-1129</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manjunath G, Tighiouart H, Coresh et al. Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1121-1129</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Culleton BF, Larson MG, Evans JC et al. Prevalence and correlates of elevated serum creatinine levels: the framingham heart study. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1785-1790</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Culleton BF, Larson MG, Evans JC et al. Prevalence and correlates of elevated serum creatinine levels: the framingham heart study. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1785-1790</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nissenson AR, Pereira BJ, Colling AJ, Steinberg EP. Prevalence and characteristics of individuals with chronic kidney disease in a large health maintenance organization. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37: 1177-1183</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nissenson AR, Pereira BJ, Colling AJ, Steinberg EP. Prevalence and characteristics of individuals with chronic kidney disease in a large health maintenance organization. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37: 1177-1183</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones CA, McQuillan GM, Kusek JW et al. Serum creatinine levels in the US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32: 992-999</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones CA, McQuillan GM, Kusek JW et al. Serum creatinine levels in the US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32: 992-999</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clase CM, Garg AX, Kiberd BA. Prevalence of low glomerular filtration rate in nondiabetic Americans: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III). J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13: 1338-1349</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clase CM, Garg AX, Kiberd BA. Prevalence of low glomerular filtration rate in nondiabetic Americans: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III). J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13: 1338-1349</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nitsch D, Dietrich DF, von Eckardstein A et al. Prevalence of renal impairment and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in a general population: results of the Swiss SAPAZDIA study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21: 935-944</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nitsch D, Dietrich DF, von Eckardstein A et al. Prevalence of renal impairment and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in a general population: results of the Swiss SAPAZDIA study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21: 935-944</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ninomija T, Kiyohara J, Kubo M et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama study. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 228-236</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ninomija T, Kiyohara J, Kubo M et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama study. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 228-236</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Добронравов ВА, Смирнов АВ, Драгунов СВ и др. Эпидемиология хронической болезни почек в Вологодской области. Нефрология 2004; 8(1): 36-41</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Добронравов ВА, Смирнов АВ, Драгунов СВ и др. Эпидемиология хронической болезни почек в Вологодской области. Нефрология 2004; 8(1): 36-41</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Добронравов ВА, Смирнов АВ, Драгунов СВ и др. Эпидемиология хронической почечной недостаточности в Северо-Западном регионе России: на пути к созданию регистра хронической почечной болезни. Тер арх 2004; 76(9): 57-61</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Добронравов ВА, Смирнов АВ, Драгунов СВ и др. Эпидемиология хронической почечной недостаточности в Северо-Западном регионе России: на пути к созданию регистра хронической почечной болезни. Тер арх 2004; 76(9): 57-61</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Бодур-Ооржак АШ и др. Эпидемиология и факторы риска хронических болезней почек: региональный уровень общей проблемы. Тер арх 2005; (6): 20-27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Бодур-Ооржак АШ и др. Эпидемиология и факторы риска хронических болезней почек: региональный уровень общей проблемы. Тер арх 2005; (6): 20-27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Бодур-Ооржак АШ и др. Распространенность и заболеваемость поздними стадиями хронической болезни почек в Республике Тыва. Нефрология 9(4): 25-29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов АВ, Добронравов ВА, Бодур-Ооржак АШ и др. Распространенность и заболеваемость поздними стадиями хронической болезни почек в Республике Тыва. Нефрология 9(4): 25-29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Culleton BF, Larson MG, Wilson PWF et al. Cardiovascular disease and mortality in a community based cohort with mild renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 2214-2219</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Culleton BF, Larson MG, Wilson PWF et al. Cardiovascular disease and mortality in a community based cohort with mild renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 2214-2219</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garg AX, ClaarkWF, Haynes B, House AA. Moderate renal insufficiency and the risk of cardiovascular mortality: results from the NHANES-I. Kidney Int 2002; 61: 1486-1494</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garg AX, ClaarkWF, Haynes B, House AA. Moderate renal insufficiency and the risk of cardiovascular mortality: results from the NHANES-I. Kidney Int 2002; 61: 1486-1494</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wali RK, Henrich WL. Chronic kidney disease: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiol Clin 2005; 23, 3: 343-362</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wali RK, Henrich WL. Chronic kidney disease: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiol Clin 2005; 23, 3: 343-362</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Munter P, He J, Hamm L, Loria C, Whelton PK. Renal insufficiency and subsequent dealt resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13: 745-753</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Munter P, He J, Hamm L, Loria C, Whelton PK. Renal insufficiency and subsequent dealt resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13: 745-753</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson S, Brenner BM. Effects of aging on the renal glomerulus. Am J Med 1983; 80: 435-442</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson S, Brenner BM. Effects of aging on the renal glomerulus. Am J Med 1983; 80: 435-442</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Crump C et al. Cardiovascular disease risk status in elderly persons with renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 2002; 62(3):997-1004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Crump C et al. Cardiovascular disease risk status in elderly persons with renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 2002; 62(3):997-1004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weiner DE, Tighionart H, Amin MG et al. Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a pooled analysis of community-based studies. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1307-1315</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weiner DE, Tighionart H, Amin MG et al. Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a pooled analysis of community-based studies. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1307-1315</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henry RMA, Kostense PJ, Bos G et al. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: the horn study. Kidney Int 2002; 62: 1402-1407</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henry RMA, Kostense PJ, Bos G et al. Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: the horn study. Kidney Int 2002; 62: 1402-1407</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB et al. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: 461-470</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB et al. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: 461-470</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang JG, Staessen JA, Fagard RH et al. Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and uric acid in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1069-1074</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang JG, Staessen JA, Fagard RH et al. Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and uric acid in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1069-1074</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman PJ. Serum creatinine: an independent predictor of survival after stroke. Intern Med 1991; 229: 175-179</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman PJ. Serum creatinine: an independent predictor of survival after stroke. Intern Med 1991; 229: 175-179</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bursztyn M, Ginsberg G, Spilberg O et al. Mortality in the Jerusalem 70-year-olds longitudinal study: does nifedipine have a role? Geriatr Nephrol Urol 1999; 9:5-10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bursztyn M, Ginsberg G, Spilberg O et al. Mortality in the Jerusalem 70-year-olds longitudinal study: does nifedipine have a role? Geriatr Nephrol Urol 1999; 9:5-10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlipak MG, Sarnak MJ, Katz R et al. Cystatin C and the risk of death and cardiovascular events among elderly persons. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 2049-2060</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlipak MG, Sarnak MJ, Katz R et al. Cystatin C and the risk of death and cardiovascular events among elderly persons. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 2049-2060</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1296-1305</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1296-1305</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Cushman M et al. Cardiovascular mortality risk in chronic kidney disease: comparison of traditional and novel risk factors. JAMA 2005; 293:1737-1745</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Cushman M et al. Cardiovascular mortality risk in chronic kidney disease: comparison of traditional and novel risk factors. JAMA 2005; 293:1737-1745</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">White SZ, Cass A, Atkins RG, Chadban SJ. Chronic kidney disease in the general population. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2005; 12: 5-13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">White SZ, Cass A, Atkins RG, Chadban SJ. Chronic kidney disease in the general population. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2005; 12: 5-13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trivedi HS, Pang MMH, Campbell A, Saab P. Slowing the progression of chronic renal failure: economic benefits and patients perspectives. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39:721-729</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trivedi HS, Pang MMH, Campbell A, Saab P. Slowing the progression of chronic renal failure: economic benefits and patients perspectives. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39:721-729</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duncan L, Heathcote J, Djurdjev O, Levin A. Screening for renal disease using serum creatinine: who are we missing? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1042-1046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duncan L, Heathcote J, Djurdjev O, Levin A. Screening for renal disease using serum creatinine: who are we missing? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1042-1046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K, Ritz C, Adameza KM, Ritz E. Why is coronary heart disease of uraemic patients so frequent and so devastating? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18: 631-640</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K, Ritz C, Adameza KM, Ritz E. Why is coronary heart disease of uraemic patients so frequent and so devastating? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18: 631-640</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chobanian A, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The JNC-7 Report. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chobanian A, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The JNC-7 Report. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
