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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2007-11-2-82-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-858</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЖУРНАЛ В ЖУРНАЛЕ. АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УРОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>JOURNAL IN THE JOURNAL. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF UROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИАГНОСТИКА  ИНФЕКЦИЙ  МОЧЕВОЙ  СИСТЕМЫ:  ХРОНИЧЕСКИЙ  ЦИСТИТ -  РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ  ИЛИ  МИФ?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE  DIAGNOSTICS OF THE  URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS:  CHRONIC  CYSTITIS -  REALITY OR  MYTH?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт нефрологии Академии медицинских наук Украины,  Киев</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанова Н.М., 2007</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанова Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanova N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/858">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/858</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬЮ работы была попытка выявить критерии дифференциальной диагностики хронического пиелонефрита и хронического цистита на основании ретроспективного изучения основных анамнестических данных и клинико-лабораторных симптомов инфекций мочевых путей (ИМС). ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведен ретроспективный анализ медицинской документации 450 женщин с ИМС. Критерием включения пациенток в исследование было наличие хронической ИМС (&gt; 1 года) без нарушения функции почек и признаков обструкции. Женщины были разделены на 2 группы. I группу составили пациентки с хроническим пиелонефритом (ХПН) (n=370), II – с хроническим циститом (ХЦ) (n=80). Всем пациенткам с ХЦ было проведено сцинтиграфическое исследование с РФП разного механизма элиминации: 1) реносцинтиграфия с ⁹⁹ᵐ Tc-ДМСА – рассматривались в качестве «золотого стандарта», 2) реносцинтиграфия с ⁹⁹ᵐ Тс-пирофосфатом – для оценки точности диагностического метода. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Сравнительный анализ различия абсолютных частот ассоциированных с ПН признаков показал, что только 2 из них достоверно отличались в исследуемых группах. Однако выявленные различия между больными с ХПН и ХЦ были количественные, но не качественные. Реносцинтиграфия с ⁹⁹ᵐ Тс-пирофосфатом показала, что у 59 (74%) пациенток, которым был установлен диагноз ХЦ, определялись классические признаки пиелонефрита – шрамы. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. На основе использования данных анамнеза и клинико-лабораторных характеристик ИМС, которыми пользуется врач в ежедневной клинической практике, невозможно установить топику процесса (цистит или пиелонефрит). Реносцинтиграфия с ⁹⁹ᵐ Тс-пирофосфатом является объктивным методом диагностики ИМС: чувствительность метода составляет 98%, специфичность 62%. Данные сцинтиграфического исследования демонстрируют наличие признаков ПН у 100% больных с частым рецидивированием ХЦ; у 95% пациенток, перенесших всего 2 эпизода цистита в течение года, вовлечение почек в воспалительный процесс отсутствует.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>THE AIM of the work was an attempt to reveal criteria of differential diagnostics of chronic pyelonephritis and chronic cystitis on the basis of a retrospective study of the main anamnestic data and clinic-laboratory symptoms of the urinary tract infections (UTI). PATIENTS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of medical documentation of 450 UTI women was made. The presence of chronic UTI (&gt; 1 year) without impaired functions of the kidneys and symptoms of obstruction was taken as a criterion of inclusion of the patients in the investigation. The women were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of women with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) (n=370), the second group – with chronic cystitis (CC) (n=80). Scitigraphic investigation was performed in all CC patients with RFP of different mechanism of elimination: 1) renoscitigraphy with ⁹⁹ᵐTc -DMSA – was considered as a “golden standard”. 2) renoscitigraphy with ⁹⁹ᵐTc-pyrophosphate - for the assessment of accuracy of the diagnosis method. RESULTS. A comparative analysis of differences of absolute frequencies associated with signs of PN has shown that only 2 of them differed considerably in the groups under study. However, the distinctions, found between patients with CPN and CC were of quantitative rather than qualitative character. Renoscitigraphy with ⁹⁹ᵐTc-pyrophosphate has shown that in 59 patients (74%) with the diagnosis CC there were classical signs of pyelonephritis – “scars”. CONCLUSION. On the basis of using the data of anamnesis and clinic-laboratory characteristics of UTI which are used by physicians in their every-day clinical practice it is not possible to establish the topic of the process (cystitis or pyelonephritis). Renoscitigraphy with ⁹⁹ᵐTc-pyrophosphate is an objective method of diagnosing UTI: the sensitivity of the method is 98%, the specificity – 62%. The scitigraphic investigation data demonstrate the presence of signs of PN in 100% of patients with frequent relapses of CC; in 95% of the patients who had only 2 episodes of cystitis during a year there was no involvement of the kidneys in the inflammatory process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция мочевой системы</kwd><kwd>пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>цистит</kwd><kwd>топическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>реносцинтиграфия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infection of the urinary tract system</kwd><kwd>pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>cystitis</kwd><kwd>topic diagnostics</kwd><kwd>renoscitigraphy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дядык АИ, Колесник НА. Инфекции почек и мочевыводящих путей. Регион, Д., 2003; 400</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дядык АИ, Колесник НА. Инфекции почек и мочевыводящих путей. 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