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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nefr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-6274</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9439</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1561-6274-2007-11-3-57-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nefr-916</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФАКТОРЫ, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С КАЛЬЦИНАЦИЕЙ КЛАПАННОГО АППАРАТА СЕРДЦА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ НА ХРОНИЧЕСКОМ ГЕМОДИАЛИЗЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEART VALVE CALCIFICATION IN PATIENTS ON CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтерева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtereva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевякова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevyakova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт нефрологии Санкт-Петербургского государствен­ного медицинского университета им. акад.  И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волков М.М., Дегтерева О.А., Шевякова Е.В., 2007</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волков М.М., Дегтерева О.А., Шевякова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkov M.M., Degtereva O.A., Shevyakova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/916">https://journal.nephrolog.ru/jour/article/view/916</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: определить распространенность и влияние кальцинации митрального (МК) и аортального (АК) клапанов сердца на его функцию в обследованной группе диализных пациентов и установить факторы, связанные с кальцинозом МК и АК, а также наличие связей кальциноза клапанов с уремической остеодистрофией. ПАЦИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследован 131 пациент с выполненной доплер-эхокардиографией (доплер-ЭхоКГ), мужчин – 75, женщин – 55, в возрасте 51,7+12,6 лет, получавших гемодиализ (ГД) в среднем 77,7±75,6 мес. ИБС выявлена у 55,6% пациентов, сердечная недостаточность (СН) у 50,0% пациентов. Всем больным кроме обычных исследований определяли интактный паратиреоидный гормон (ПТГ), биохимические маркеры воспаления (фибриноген и С-реактивный белок). Состояние АК и МК клапанов по данным доплер-ЭхоКГ оценивали как норму, уплотнение, кальциноз (клапанного кольца или створок). Определяли также наличие стеноза, регургитации АК и МК. Измеряли толщину комплекса интима-медия (КИМ) сонных артерий. У 88 пациентов выполнено суточное мониторирование артериального давления (АД) и у 100 – мониторирование ЭКГ. У 63 пациентов определена минеральная плотность костей (МПК) трех отделов скелета (поясничных позвонков, проксимального отдела бедра и предплечья) методом двухэнергетической рентгеновской абсорбциометрии (ДЭРА) с оценкой по Т-критерию и Z-критерию. Значения МПК более -1 считались нормальными, от -1 до -2,5 – остеопенией (умеренное снижение МПК), менее -2,5 – остеопорозом (значительное снижение МПК). РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Кальциноз клапанов выявлен у 38,9% пациентов: изолированный кальциноз АК – у 3,8%, МК – у 13,0%, обоих клапанов – у 22,1% пациентов. У пациентов с кальцинозом АК чаще наблюдался стеноз этого клапана (χ2=19,8; p&lt;0,001) и была более выражена регургитация (t=3,16; p=0,003). Кальциноз МК также способствовал стенозированию (χ2=17,27; p&lt;,0001) и регургитации (t=2,11; p=0,038). При сравнении групп пациентов, различающихся по наличию кальциноза клапанов, обнаружено, что у пациентов с кальцинозом клапанов был старше возраст (Z=4,02; p&lt;0,001), больше длительность диализного лечения (Z=2,93; p=0,0034), чаще присутствовала ИБС (χ2=6,02; p=0,014), СН (χ2=3,85; p=0,05), были выше уровни ПТГ (Z=2,09;p=0,037) и щелочной фосфатазы (Z=2,93; p=0,0034), больше толщина КИМ (Z=2,45; p=0,014), ниже значения МПК предплечья (Z=1,98; p=0,048), выше значения С-реактивного белка (Z=2,50; p=0,016). Кроме того, у пациентов с кальцинацией клапанов был больше размер левого предсердия (Z=3,67; p=0,001), выше скорость потоков через МК (Z=4,24; p&lt;0,001) и АК (Z=3,79; p&lt;0,001). ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Кальциноз АК и МК сердца выявлен у трети обследованных пациентов. Преобладает сочетанная кальцинация этих клапанов. Кальцинация клапанов чаще наблюдалась у пациентов старшего возраста, с более продолжительным лечением на ГД, более выраженным гиперпаратиреозом, воспалительными изменениями, атеросклерозом. Впервые обнаружена связь между кальцинозом клапанов и снижением МПК. Кальцинация клапанов сочеталась с большей частотой ИБС, СН, дилатацией левого предсердия и ускорением потоков через МК и АК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>THE AIM of the investigation was to determine the spread and influence of calcification of the mitral (MV) and aortal (AV) valves of the heart on its function in a group of examined dialysis patients and to find the factors associated with calcinosis of MV and AV, and connections of valve calcification with uremic osteodystrophy. PATIENTS AND METHODS. Under investigation there were 131 patients after Doppler-Echo CG, aged 51.7±12.6 years treated by hemodialysis (HD) during 77.7±75.6 months. IHD was found in 55.6% of the patients, heart failure (HF) in 50.0%. Intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), biochemical markers of inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein) were determined in all the patients in addition to ordinary investigations. The state of MVand AV according to Doppler-Echo CG were estimated as the norm, infiltration, calcinosis (of valve annulus or cusps).The presence of stenosis, regurgitation of MV and AV were also determined. The thickness of the intima[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]media complex (IMC) of the carotid artery was measured. The 24 hours’ monitoring of arterial pressure was performed in 88 patients and ECG monitoring in 100 patients. Bone mineral density (BMD) of three parts of the skeleton (lumbar vertebra, proximal part of the femur and forearm) was measured in 63 patients by the method of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry estimated by T-criterion and Z-criterion. The BMD value more than -1 was considered normal, from -1 to -2.5 as osteopenia (mild decrease of MBD), less than – 2.5 as osteoporosis (considerably decreased MBD). RESULTS. Calcinosis of the valves was detected in 38.9% of the patients: isolated AV calcinosis – in 3.8%, MV – in 13.0%, both valves calcinosis – in 22.1% of the patients. Stenosis of that valve was more often detected in patients with AV calcinosis (χ2= 19.8; p&lt;0.001) and they had more pronounced regurgitation (t=3.16; p=0.003). MV calcinosis also promoted stenosing (χ2= 17.27; p&lt;0.0001) and regurgitation (t=2.11; p=0.038). A comparison of the groups of patients which differed in the presence of valvular calcinosis has shown that patients with valvular calcinosis were older (Z=4.02; p&lt;0.001), had longer dialysis treatment (Z=2.93; p=0.0034), had IHD more often (χ2=6.02; p&lt;0.014), HF (χ2= 3.85; p=0.05), higher levels of PTH (Z=2.09; p=0.037) and alkaline phosphatase (Z=2.93; p= 0.0034), greater IMC thickness (Z=2.45; p=0.014), less values of forearm MBD (Z=1.98; p=0.048), higher values of C-reactive protein (Z=2.50; p= 0.016). In addition, patients with valvular calcification had greater size of the left atrium (Z=3.67; p= 0.001), higher flow rate through MV (Z=4.24; p&lt;0.001) and AV (Z=3.79; p&lt;0.001).CONCLUSION. Calcinosis of MV and AV of the heart was diagnosed in one third of the examined patients. A combination of calcification of the valves prevailed. Calcification of the valves was more often observed in older patients, with longer HD treatment, more pronounced hyperparathyrosis, inflammatory alterations, atherosclerosis. An association of valvular calcinosis with less BMD was found for the first time. Calcification of the valves was combined with greater frequency of IHD, HF, dilatation of the left atrium and speeding up the flows through AV and MV.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>кальциноз клапанов сердца</kwd><kwd>гиперпаратиреоз</kwd><kwd>минеральная плотность костей</kwd><kwd>двухэнергетическая рентгеновская абсорбциометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>heart valve calcinosis</kwd><kwd>hyperparathyrosis</kwd><kwd>bone mineral density</kwd><kwd>dual energy X-ray absorptiometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Harnett JD et al. Clinical and echocardiographic disease in end-stage renal disease: prevalence, associations and prognosis. Kidney Int 1995; 47: 186-192</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Harnett JD et al. 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Nephrol Dial Transpl 2005; 20 [suppl 5]: 102</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
