

ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПОЧЕК: БРЕМЯ БОЛЕЗНИ И ДОСТУПНОСТЬ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ
Аннотация
Расовые/этнические и социально-экономические различия при хронических заболеваниях почек известны на протяжении десятилетий, однако прогресс в их коррекции недостаточно высокий. В нескольких недавних исследованиях предлагается новое понимание коренных причин этих различий, отмечаются области, в которых необходимы будущие исследования, и определяются возможности для изменений в политике и клинической практике. Географические различия в распространенности ХБП существуют и варьируют в зависимости от расы. Прогрессирование ХБП является более быстрым для групп расовых/этнических меньшинств по сравнению с белыми и может быть в значительной степени, но не полностью, объяснено генетическими факторами. Существуют серьезные социально-экономические различия для пациентов, находящихся на диализе, и они варьируют в зависимости от расы, места проживания и лечебного учреждения. Различия в доступе к трансплантации почки от живого донора могут быть обусловлены, прежде всего, социально-экономическим статусом донора, а не факторами реципиента. Необходимо устранить различия в помощи пациентам с ХБП, в том числе в отношении направления ресурсов в районы и группы населения, где различия наиболее распространены, направить усилия к пониманию того, как наилучшим образом использовать появляющуюся информацию о вкладе генетических факторов в отмеченные диспропорции, и продолжить работу по выявлению модифицируемых факторов риска окружающей среды, а также социальных и поведенческих для целенаправленных вмешательств среди групп высокого риска.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
Дейдра КрюСоединённые Штаты Америки
Отдел нефрологии, медицинский факультет
Амину Белло
Канада
отдел нефрологии и трансплантационной иммунологии, медицинский факультет
Гамаль Саади
Египет
отделение нефрологии, отдел внутренних болезней, медицинский
факультет
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Для цитирования:
Крю Д., Белло А., Саади Г. ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПОЧЕК: БРЕМЯ БОЛЕЗНИ И ДОСТУПНОСТЬ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ. Нефрология. 2019;23(2):9-17. https://doi.org/10.24884/1561-6274-2019-23-2-9-17
For citation:
Crews D.C., Bello A.K., Saadi G. BURDEN, ACCESS, AND DISPARITIES IN KIDNEY DISEASE. Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg). 2019;23(2):9-17. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24884/1561-6274-2019-23-2-9-17