EFFECTS OF EHF IRRADIATION OF THE SKIN ON INTENSITY OF ACTIVATION OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC STRUCTURE CELLS INDUCED BY ADMINISTRATION OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

THE AIM of the investigation was to study the intensity of activation of the hypothalamic structure cells (VMH and LHA) after administration of cyclophosphamide (CPh) and attainment of possibility of a modulating effect of EHF irradiation of the skin on this process. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The work was carried out in 18 male Wistar rats weighing 250g. The detection of activation of the hypothalamus cells (by c[1]fos gene expression) following injection of CPh in dosage 20 and 40 mg/kg of body mass and EHF irradiation of the skin was made using an indirect immunohistochemical method. RESULTS. Different patterns of activation of VMH and LHA zones were shown after injections of different doses of CPh. Certain zones were established in which the cells reacted by c-Fos expression to the CPh dose of 20 mg/kg, while the dose 40 mg/kg resulted in activation of the cells of all the structures under investigation. The effect of EHF irradiation of the skin was observed as a decreased number of c-Fos positive cells but after 20 mg/kg of CPh. Greater doses had no grading effect of EHF irradiation of the skin. CONCLUSION. Activation of LHA and VMH cells was detected suggesting a possible participation of specific groups of neurons in the processes developing in the brain in response to administration of CPh. The modulating action of EHF irradiation of the skin was first shown on the degree of brain cell activation induced by administration of CPh.

1. Donadio JVJr, Glassock RJ. Immunosuppressive drug therapy in lupus nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 1993; 21(3): 239-250

2. Strauss G, Osen W, Debatin KM. Induction of apoptosis and modulation of activation and effector function in T cells by immunosuppressive drugs. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 128: 225-266

3. Knight A, Askling J, Granath F et al. Urinary bladder cancer in Wegener’s granulomatosis: risks and relation to cyclophosphamide. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 1307-1311

4. Salzmann G. The effect of CY on the diencephalohypophyseal system of the rat. Strahlentherapie 1973; 145(3): 334-345

5. Корнева ЕА, Хай ЛМ. О влиянии раздражения различных структур промежуточного мозга на протекание иммунологических реакций. Физиол журн СССР1967; 53 (1): 42-47

6. Wenner M, Kawamura N, Ishikawa T. Reward linked to increased natural killer cell activity in rats. NeuroImmuno Modulation 2000; (7): 1-5

7. Shanin SN, Rybakina EG, Novikova NN et al. Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity and c-Fos protein synthesis in rat hypothalamic cells after painful electric stimulation of the hind limbs and EHF irradiation of the skin. Med Sci Monit 2005; 11(9): BR309-315

8. Корнева ЕА, Казакова ТБ, Носов МА. Экспрессия c fos мРНК и c-Fos-подобных белков в клетках гипоталамических структур при введении антигена. Аллергология и Иммунология 2001; (1): 37-44

9. Рыбакина ЕГ, Новикова НН, Абрамова ТВ и др. Экспрессия c-Fos-гена в клетках гипоталамических структур и цитотоксическая активность естественных клеток-киллеров селезенки крыс после введения цитоксана. Бюллетень экспериментальной биологии и медицины 2006; 141(4): 375-378

10. Cosolo WC, Martinello P, Louis WG, Christophidis N. Blood-brain barrier disruption using mannitol: time course and electron microscopy studies. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 1989; 256: 443

11. Chi OZ, Lee DI, Liu X, Weiss HR. The effects of morphine on blood-brain barrier disruption caused by intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol in rats. Anesth Anal 2000; 90(3): 603-608

12. Malek AM, Goss GG, Jiang L et al. Mannitol at clinical concentrations activates multiple signaling pathways and induces apoptosis in endothelial cells. Stroke 1998; 29: 2631-2640

13. Kova’cs K. C-Fos as a transcription factor: a stressful (re) view from a functional map. Neurochem Int 1998; 33: 287-297

14. Новикова НС, Казакова ТБ, Роджерс В, Корнева ЕА. Сравнительный анализ локализации и интенсивности экспресс c-fos гена в клетках определенных структур гипоталамуса при механическом и электрическом болевом раздражениях. Патогенез 2004; 2 (2): 73-79

15. Makar VR, Logani MK, Bhanushall A et al. Effect of millimeter waves on natural killer cell activation. Bioelectromagnetics 2005; 26: 10-19

16. Logani MK, Ziskin MC Millimeter waves enhance delayed-type hypersensitivity in mouse skin. Electro and magnetobiology 1999; 18: 165-176

17. Swanson LW. Brain maps III. Structure of the rat brain, 3 rd ed. Elsevier acad. press, San-Diego, Cal. USA, 2004; 72-73

18. Gapeyev AB, Yakushina VS, Chemeris NK, Fesenko EE. Modification of production of reactive oxygen species in mouse peritoneal neutrophils on exposure to low-intensity modulated millimetre wave radiation. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 1998; 46: 267-272

19. Denes A, Boldogkoi Z, Uhereczky G et al. Central autonomic control of the bone marrow: multisynaptic tract tracing by recombinant pseudorabies virus. Neuroscience 2005; 134: 947-963

20. Cano G, Sved AF, Rinamen L et al. Characterization of the central nervous system innervation of the rat spleen using viral trasneuronal tracing. J Comp Neurol 2001; 439: 1-18

21. Лушников КВ, Гапеев АВ, Чемерис НК. Влияние электромагнитного излучения крайне высоких частот на иммунную систему и системную регуляцию гомеостаза. Радиационная биология, радиоэкология 2002; 42(5): 533-545

22. Гапеев АБ, Чемерис НК. Действие непрерывного и модулированного ЭМИ КВЧ на клетки животных. Часть III. Биологические эффекты непрерывного ЭМИ КВЧ. Вестник новых медицинских технологий 2000; VII: 20-25