Неочевидные отдаленные последствия COVID-19 для почек. Обзор литературы

Влияние COVID-19 на течение хронической болезни почек (ХБП) уже подтверждено исследователями всего мира. В основном, изучая поражение почек при COVID-19, авторы уделяют внимание новой коронавирусной инфекции в срезе именно развития острого повреждения почек (ОПП) или смертности от нее больных с уже имеющейся ХБП, особенно пациентов, получающих гемодиализ или имеющих трансплантированную почку, приводя анализ смертности, рисков и прогнозов. Однако до сих пор в публикациях отсутствует описание того, как данная инфекция может влиять на функцию почек, не имевших признаков ХБП до COVID-19. Особенно скудны в настоящее время исследования, посвященные анализу долгосрочных результатов наблюдения и лечения таких больных. В данном обзоре рассмотрены зарубежные и отечественные исследования, касающиеся как влияния хронических заболеваний почек на тяжесть течения коронавирусной инфекции, так и рисков развития заболеваний почек после перенесенного COVID-19, в том числе, с развитием острого повреждения почек и в долгосрочной перспективе. Такой подход способен подчеркнуть актуальность своевременного выявления среди больных COVID-19 пациентов с развивающейся хронической болезнью почек на ранних стадиях с целью их дальнейшего диспансерного наблюдения и своевременного назначения нефропротективной терапии.  Поиск источников литературы проводился с помощью PubMed, Science Direct, eLibrary по ключевым словам «коронавирус», «COVID-19», «SARS-CoV-2», «острое повреждение почек», «хроническая болезнь почек», «acute kidney injury», «chronic kidney disease» и их комбинациям с охватом публикаций с 2019 по 2023 г. на русском и английском языках.

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