Changes in the reactivity of vessels of rats with an experimental decrease in the mass of functioning nephrons

The aim: to evaluate changes in endothelium-dependent regulation of the tone of blood vessels (aorta and superior mesenteric artery) in rats 4 months after the removal of 5/6 renal tissue.

Material and methods. An experimental CKD model was created by resection of 5/6 mass of renal tissue. The experimental group included animals (n = 12), subjected to nephrectomy (NE). The control group consisted of sham-operated (SO) rats (n = 10). Researches of vascular reactivity were performed on ring segments 2 mm long, which were excised from the aorta and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). A total of 23 segments of the aorta and 17 segments of SMA from rats after NE and 18 segments of the aorta and 15 segments of SMA from control animals were prepared. To measure the strength of contractions of the drugs, a FORT-10 sensor (WPI, USA) was used. The effects of acetylcholine (Ach, 1 x10^-6 M) on blood vessels, previously exposed to phenylephrine (1 x10^-5 M), and the response of vessels to Ach under conditions of prior exposure to TEA (1 x 10^-3 mol / l) and L-NAME (1 x10^-4 mol / l) were evaluated.

Results. NE for a period of 4 months led to arterial hypertension - BP in the NE group of rats was higher (165, 0 ± 9.8 mm Hg) compared with SO (127.2 ± 9.7 mm Hg, р<0,001), and to myocardial remodeling (LVMI in NE rat was 2.72 ± 0.11 mg / g compared to 2.35 ± 0.09 mg / in the SO group, р<0,001 ). NE led to a decrease in dilatation of aortic and BWA fragments on the ACh compared with LO animals. Under the conditions of NO blocking, the NO synthase inhibitor — L-NAME — also had a lower response to ACh in rats with NE. The preliminary blockade of the Ca2 + -activated K + channels of high conductivity with the introduction of TEA resulted in a decrease in vasodilation caused by ACh in NE rat compared with the SO group.

Conclusion. Resection of 5/6 of the kidney tissue mass in rats causes a decrease in vascular reactivity on the ACh. Endothelial dysfunction of rats after NE is associated with impairment of both NO-related and hyperpolarization-dependent endothelial cells in pathways of the vascular tone regulation.

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